Speaker: Bible

  • Questions and Answers – Part 7

    Question:

    Is it a sin or a bad thing to listen to rap/hip hop music more than you listen to Christian/Gospel Music? Or secular music?

    It is not necessarily a sin as long as the lyrics are not explicit. However, you need to always keep in mind that music is impacting your heart and soul. It is designed to do that by the Lord.

    Question:

    Is it possible to see angels because I saw one with wings?

    Yes, it is possible but only as the Holy Spirit wills. This happens through the gift of discerning of spirits found in 1 Corinthians 12.

    Question:

    Is there such a thing as generational curses? If so, what are they and how do you stop them?

    Exodus 20:5; Deuteronomy 5:9 – Refer to idolatry and that sin being passed down from one generation to the next, but repentance is always the answer! There are things that can be passed from one generation to another, but they can also be stopped in the Name of Jesus. You are redeemed from the curse (Galatians 3:13).

    Question:

    Explain Matthew 16:19 and Matthew 18:18 and what does it mean to bind on earth as in Heaven and what is loosed on earth will be loosed in Heaven.

    Matthew 16:19 NKJV (19) And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”

    Matthew 16:19 AMP (19) I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you bind (declare to be improper and unlawful) on earth must be what is already bound in heaven; and whatever you loose (declare lawful) on earth must be what is already loosed in heaven. [Isa. 22:22.]

    Matthew 18:18 AMP (18) Truly I tell you, whatever you forbid and declare to be improper and unlawful on earth must be what is already forbidden in heaven, and whatever you permit and declare proper and lawful on earth must be what is already permitted in heaven.

    Question:

    What did Jesus mean when He taught on throwing pearls before swine?

    Matthew 7:6 / Proverbs 9:7-9 – correcting a scoffer – There are some people that you would be wasting your time trying to convince those who do not want to be convinced or change.

    Question:

    How do you let go and let God?

    Proverbs 3:5-6; Philippians 4:6-7 You do this by rolling your cares over on the Lord and letting Him handle the situation whatever it may be.

    Question:

    Why do non-believers not believe that there is a dire need to be saved; even when they know that Heaven and Hell exist?

    2 Corinthians 4:4 / Matthew 9:38 – Very simply put, they are blinded by the devil to the truth that they need a Savior. They do not know they need to be saved.

    Question:

    Do you have to come to church every Sunday and Wednesday to be considered a Christian, if you read the Bible and follow God’s Word?

    Ephesians 4:14-16

    Question:

    How do you know when your blessing is right around the corner?

    You are blessed now! You are not trying to get blessed.

    Question:

    Why do we get tempted? James 1:13-15

    Can the devil live in people? Yes, but not necessarily him personally. We know from the Scriptures that demons can live in and possess people, but not Christians. Christians can be oppressed but not possessed.

    Question:

    Are baptisms necessary and what are they? Matthew 28:19

    Baptism is not what saves you, but they are important is this is a public declaration of an inward work by God in salvation. You are identifying with the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus.

    Question:

    How do we learn to control our emotions in order to not act out of our emotions (especially when our emotions are overwhelming)?

    We must have our souls saved by receiving the Word of God and renewing our minds. Also, surrendering more and more to the Holy Spirit will help in controlling your emotions as this is a sign of maturity. Really, this happens as the fruit of the Spirit is produced in our lives.

    What do you do to kill doubtful/fearful thoughts before they get into your heart?

    Question:

    (2 Corinthians 10:3-5) We can refuse to accept doubt filled thoughts by contradicting them with the Word of God spoken on our lips.

    Question:

    With the recent change in many states allowing gay marriage, it is becoming more accepted to lead an alternative lifestyle. How should Christians react to this? Should Christians be loving and supporting of this? What does the Bible say about gay people being in leadership in the church?

    Romans 1:26-27 / Galatians 5:17-21

    Question:

    Can demons physically attack you? Matthew 9:17-18

    Question:

    Is salvation the only thing you need to go up in the rapture and if you are sinning will you still go up in the rapture? Will we feel the rapture when it comes or just disappear into thin air?

    Question:

    Are hardships in life tests by God? James 1:13

    Question:

    How do you know when God is talking to you? Col 3:15 AMP

    Question:

    Why are all sins the same? Example: murder = lie

    It is the root of all sin that is important: selfishness and rebellion

    Consequences are not the same. The wages are the same.

    Question:

    If you keep doing the same sin, will God keep forgiving you?

    1 John 3:9 NKJV

    (9) Whoever has been born of God does not sin, for His seed remains in him; and he cannot sin, because he has been born of God.

    Question:

    When unsaved children die, do they go to Heaven or Hell?

    Children that die before the “age of accountability” are spiritually innocent and will go to heaven.

    Romans 7:9 NKJV I was alive once without the law, but when the commandment came, sin revived and I died.

    Question:

    Is the world full of sin because of what Adam and Eve did? Romans 5:19

    Question:

    What does God consider the beginning or initiation of a marriage? (For instance, is it the vows, rings, completion of ceremony, etc.)?

    Marriage is based on a covenant

    Question:

    If disease is caused by sin, do you need to have repented for healing? In the Bible, it does not seem that Jesus asked people if they had repented before He healed them.

    Not all sickness is a direct result of sin. Mark 2:5

    Question:

    Can you explain Luke 10:18-19 and what Jesus meant by lightning in verse 18 and serpents and scorpions in verse 19?

    Can you explain the first part of Mark 16:18?

    Luke 10:18-19 NKJV (18) And He said to them, “I saw Satan fall like lightning from heaven. (19) Behold, I give you the authority to trample on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall by any means hurt you.

    Mark 16:17-18 NKJV (17) And these signs will follow those who believe: In My name they will cast out demons; they will speak with new tongues; (18) they will take up serpents; and if they drink anything deadly, it will by no means hurt them; they will lay hands on the sick, and they will recover.”

    Question:

    Based on John 16:23-24 under the New Covenant do we always pray to God in Jesus’ Name and no longer pray to Jesus? Ephesians 5:20 says we give thanks unto God in the Name of Jesus?

  • Questions and Answers – Part 6

    If there is a terribly evil person who did horrible things throughout life, on their deathbed they accept Christ. Does that erase all of their previous acts and they go to Heaven?

    The first thing that has to be asked in this situation would be, were they truly repentant and genuinely sorry for their sins and did they truly realize their need for a Savior in Jesus Christ?

    If they were going through some religious act in order to avoid the eternal penalty of the sin, then maybe not.

    The truth of the matter is that we have no way to know this. Only God knows what is really going on in a man’s heart.

    The other thing that we must remember is that a man is not separated from God eternally because of his sins. He is eternally separated from God because of one sin: the rejection of Jesus Christ.

    The multitude of a man’s sins are an out working of the one sin: being separated from God.

    We also need to remember that sin is sin. We categorize sin based on our standards of conduct, culture, etc. but God does not look at it that way.

    Can Christians drink wine?

    The consumption of wine was quite common in ancient Hebrew culture. There are 8 different words in the Hebrew language that refer to wine or strong drink.

    This continues to be very common in Jewish culture even today.

    Although wine was consumed there was a very strict cultural guideline regarding how much wine was consumed.

    In ancient Jewish culture, drunkenness was frowned upon greatly in society and was considered a taboo thing to do. There was great social pressure against it.

    It would be similar to the change that we have had in our country in our attitude about smoking. 40 – 50 years ago, smoking was very fashionable and seen in advertisements, on television and in movies. But today it is nowhere what it used to be because of this change of culture. There is an increased pressure on smokers today that was not there years ago.

    In Jewish culture, drinking in moderation was acceptable but not intoxication. It was part of the culture.

    The following scripture illustrates the attitude of the culture:

    1 Samuel 1:12-18 NKJV (12) And it happened, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli watched her mouth. (13) Now Hannah spoke in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli thought she was drunk. (14) So Eli said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Put your wine away from you!” (15) But Hannah answered and said, “No, my lord, I am a woman of sorrowful spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor intoxicating drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. (16) Do not consider your maidservant a wicked woman, for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief I have spoken until now.” (17) Then Eli answered and said, “Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant your petition which you have asked of Him.” (18) And she said, “Let your maidservant find favor in your sight.” So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.

    It was considered an abomination to pray while you were intoxicated.

    Over and again drunkenness was condemned in the scriptures.

    Proverbs 20:1 NKJV (1) Wine is a mocker, Strong drink is a brawler, And whoever is led astray by it is not wise.

    Proverbs 21:17 NKJV (17) He who loves pleasure will be a poor man; He who loves wine and oil will not be rich.

    Proverbs 31:4-7 NKJV (4) It is not for kings, O Lemuel, It is not for kings to drink wine, Nor for princes intoxicating drink; (5) Lest they drink and forget the law, And pervert the justice of all the afflicted. (6) Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to those who are bitter of heart. (7) Let him drink and forget his poverty, And remember his misery no more.

    You could bring a curse upon yourself for giving someone alcohol and encouraging them to get drunk.

    Habakkuk 2:15 NKJV (15) “Woe to him who gives drink to his neighbor, Pressing him to your bottle, Even to make him drunk, That you may look on his nakedness!

    The culture we described among the ancient Jews does not exist today in our culture.

    In that day, the worst thing that happened in that day when someone became drunk was that they might get into some kind of fight or physically harm themselves by falling or something like that.

    Proverbs 23:29-30 NKJV (29) Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? (30) Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine.

    The cost of alcoholism and drunkenness today is immeasurable. I would venture to say that there are not too many families that have not been touched by tragedy that comes because someone drove drunk. The toll that it takes is an incredible price.

    We live in a different world today. Our cultural norms are different.

    Our consumption of alcohol today is totally different because today it is usually not about having one beer to go along with your cheeseburger; especially among young people. For them the goal of alcohol consumption is to see how drunk one can get. “Dude, how wasted am I?”

    That is the cultural norm.

    When we see people in commercials telling us to drink responsibly, they are not telling you to consume a beer let that be the end of it. The assumption is that you are going to get drunk, so make arrangements ahead of time for a designated driver to get you home.

    The believer’s decision in regard to the consumption of alcoholic beverage has to be made with respect to others.

    As a Christian, I now have a responsibility to something much greater than myself. I have a responsibility to my church, my community, and my group.

    2 Corinthians 5:14-15 NKJV (14) For the love of Christ compels us, because we judge thus: that if One died for all, then all died; (15) and He died for all, that those who live should live no longer for themselves, but for Him who died for them and rose again.

    After we become a Christian and we begin to grow in the things of God, in order to mature we must understand that our lives are no longer about us.

    Once we learn this and begin to live our lives as though it is not about us and our needs, God makes sure that it becomes all about you and your needs.

    Romans 14:15-17 AMP (15) But if your brother is being pained or his feelings hurt or if he is being injured by what you eat, [then] you are no longer walking in love. [You have ceased to be living and conducting yourself by the standard of love toward him.] Do not let what you eat hurt or cause the ruin of one for whom Christ died! (16) Do not therefore let what seems good to you be considered an evil thing [by someone else]. [In other words, do not give occasion for others to criticize that which is justifiable for you.] (17) [After all] the kingdom of God is not a matter of [getting the] food and drink [one likes], but instead it is righteousness (that state which makes a person acceptable to God) and [heart] peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.

    I can tell you emphatically that getting drunk is clearly a sin in the scripture.

    Galatians 5:19-21 NKJV (19) Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, (20) idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies, (21) envy, murders, drunkenness, revelries, and the like; of which I tell you beforehand, just as I also told you in time past, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

    With clear conscience however, I cannot tell you that it is a sin to have a glass of wine.

    It is a matter of personal conscience and conviction as to whether you drink a glass of wine.

    But I am to consider my brother and my sister in my consumption of wine. Is it in the best interest of those around me who may be watching my life as an example for me to do that?

    Remember, our culture is not like it was in ancient times. Overindulgence is the norm in the culture in which we live.

    Alcohol has never been known to lift any society.

    1 Corinthians 6:12 NKJV (12) All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any.

    Romans 15:1-6 NIV (1) We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak and not to please ourselves. (2) Each of us should please his neighbor for his good, to build him up. (3) For even Christ did not please himself but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.” (4) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. (5) May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you a spirit of unity among yourselves as you follow Christ Jesus, (6) so that with one heart and mouth you may glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

    The real question to ask is my moderation drinking worth risking causing someone who may be weak or ignorant to stumble and fall? Do I want to be that selfish as to not even take that into consideration?

    Someone may say, “I only drink a glass of wine to take the edge off…”

    My response to that is: God never wants you to use anything artificial to “take the edge off” of the pressures of life.

    Time and time again we are told to think soberly about different things, God does not want anything to have an effect on your mental faculties because it can affect your power of choice, and He is strongly against that. It is actually a substitute for what God’s has made available for people.

    Ephesians 5:18 NKJV (18) And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with the Spirit,

    Ephesians 5:18 MSG (18) Don’t drink too much wine. That cheapens your life. Drink the Spirit of God, huge draughts of him.

    God’s intent is for the ministry of the Holy Spirit to take the edge off. He wants to be your source of happiness when you need it. (Acts 2:13-15)

    When we are filled with the Spirit, we don’t need what alcohol offers to us!! Why go for the substitute when we can have the real thing in excess?

  • Questions and Answers – Part 5

    How do I forgive like the Bible Teaches?

    Mark 11:23-26 NKJV For assuredly, I say to you, whoever says to this mountain, ‘Be removed and be cast into the sea,’ and does not doubt in his heart, but believes that those things he says will be done, he will have whatever he says. (24) Therefore I say to you, whatever things you ask when you pray, believe that you receive them, and you will have them. (25) “And whenever you stand praying, if you have anything against anyone, forgive him, that your Father in heaven may also forgive you your trespasses. (26) But if you do not forgive, neither will your Father in heaven forgive your trespasses.”

    Notice that Jesus added the necessity for us to forgive others right after He teaches on faith and receiving answers to prayer. That is because they are so closely related to one another.

    How does God forgive?

    There are three parts to forgiveness:

    • The Heart of Forgiveness
    • The Act of Forgiveness – make the relationship right
    • Restoration of the position in the relationship

    Let’s see how God operates in forgiveness:

    • When Jesus died for us, He died for all.

    Ephesians 4:32 NKJV And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you.

    Romans 5:12,18 NLT (12) When Adam sinned, sin entered the world. Adam’s sin brought death, so death spread to everyone, for everyone sinned. (18) Yes, Adam’s one sin brings condemnation for everyone, but Christ’s one act of righteousness brings a right relationship with God and new life for everyone.

    Hebrews 7:27 NIV Unlike the other high priests, he does not need to offer sacrifices day after day, first for his own sins, and then for the sins of the people. He sacrificed for their sins once for all when he offered himself.

    Jesus never again has to die, because the price has been paid once and for all. Based on these Scriptures, it is safe to say that in the heart of God, the price has been paid for all men to be saved and forgiven?

    • When Jesus died for us, he paid in full the sin debt that we were incapable of paying.

    Colossians 2:13-14 NASB (13) When you were dead in your transgressions and the uncircumcision of your flesh, He made you alive together with Him, having forgiven us all our transgressions, (14) having canceled out the certificate of debt consisting of decrees against us, which was hostile to us; and He has taken it out of the way, having nailed it to the cross.

    • So, in the heart of God, we are forgiven but does that mean we are automatically saved? (in a right standing relationship with Him?)

    No. We know from what the Bible teaches that this does not happen. (There is a part that God has played and a part we must play)

    1 Timothy 2:4 NKJV God… who desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth.

    • We must acknowledge the truth that we are sinners, believe what He did for us, repent and then receive the act of His forgiveness.

    Acts 3:19 AMPC So repent (change your mind and purpose); turn around and return [to God], that your sins may be erased (blotted out, wiped clean), that times of refreshing (of recovering from the effects of heat, of reviving with fresh air) may come from the presence of the Lord;

    Once we repent, believe that Jesus was raised from the dead and make Him the Lord of our lives, we are saved, Born Again and in right relationship with God.

    How does God want me to forgive?

    Matthew 18:21-35 NLT Then Peter came to him and asked, “Lord, how often should I forgive someone who sins against me? Seven times?” (22) “No, not seven times,” Jesus replied, “but seventy times seven! (23) “Therefore, the Kingdom of Heaven can be compared to a king who decided to bring his accounts up to date with servants who had borrowed money from him. (24) In the process, one of his debtors was brought in who owed him millions of dollars. (25) He couldn’t pay, so his master ordered that he be sold—along with his wife, his children, and everything he owned—to pay the debt. (26) “But the man fell down before his master and begged him, ‘Please, be patient with me, and I will pay it all.’ (27) Then his master was filled with pity for him, and he released him and forgave his debt. (28) “But when the man left the king, he went to a fellow servant who owed him a few thousand dollars. He grabbed him by the throat and demanded instant payment. (29) “His fellow servant fell down before him and begged for a little more time. ‘Be patient with me, and I will pay it,’ he pleaded. (30) But his creditor wouldn’t wait. He had the man arrested and put in prison until the debt could be paid in full. (31) “When some of the other servants saw this, they were very upset. They went to the king and told him everything that had happened. (32) Then the king called in the man he had forgiven and said, ‘You evil servant! I forgave you that tremendous debt because you pleaded with me. (33) Shouldn’t you have mercy on your fellow servant, just as I had mercy on you?’ (34) Then the angry king sent the man to prison to be tortured until he had paid his entire debt. (35) “That’s what my heavenly Father will do to you if you refuse to forgive your brothers and sisters from your heart.”

    1. In your heart, you begin forgiving by releasing any ill will towards them and wish goodwill to them.

    (Luke 2:14 NKJV) “Glory to God in the highest, And on earth peace, goodwill toward men!”

    1. With a heart of forgiveness, you release that person from owing you a debt to make things right between you.

    (Matthew 6:12 NKJV) And forgive us our debts, As we forgive our debtors.

    BTW: There is no such thing as spiritual amnesia.

    1. This might be something you do many times; but do it until you have fully released the debt.

    (Matthew 18:21-22 NLT) Then Peter came to him and asked, “Lord, how often should I forgive someone who sins against me? Seven times?” (22) “No, not seven times,” Jesus replied, “but seventy times seven!

    1. If and when they come to you and repent, then you extend to them the act of forgiveness and move towards restoring the position of the relationship. (Privileges, Benefits)

    How do I know that he has repented? I will be able to see it in their actions.

    (Matthew 3:8 NLT) Prove by the way you live that you have repented of your sins and turned to God.

    When someone meets the qualifications in that they acknowledge the truth, repent, and then show the fruits of that repentance, then I MUST show them the act of forgiveness. I must restore our relationship and allow them to move forward in our relationship.

    1. If they never repent and ask for forgiveness, trust God with the outcome.

    Can I hate them? Can I hold malice in my heart towards them? (Malice is the desire to see harm to come to someone because they wronged you.)

    (Ephesians 4:31 NKJV) Let all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and evil speaking be put away from you, with all malice.

    (Romans 12:19 NLT) Dear friends, never take revenge. Leave that to the righteous anger of God. For the Scriptures say, “I will take revenge; I will pay them back,” says the LORD.

    But we must come to a place that we trust that God is the only one that can truly settle the score and we let go of that anger and malice and leave justice up to Him.

    We must walk in the attitude of forgiveness towards those people, let go of any anger, malice and bitterness towards them and then leave the payback and justice up to God.

    The Law of sowing and reaping applies to sowing wrong towards others just like it does money.

    Remember, God always wants to show mercy and it is not our place to determine if He is able to do that and when. We let Him determine what is the best course of action for people.

    Galatians 5:6 KJV For in Jesus Christ neither circumcision availeth any thing, nor uncircumcision; but faith which worketh by love.

    Galatians 5:6 TPT When you’re placed into the Anointed One and joined to him, circumcision and religious obligations can benefit you nothing. All that matters now is living in the faith that is activated and brought to perfection by love.

    If there is a terribly evil person who did horrible things throughout life, on their deathbed they accept Christ. Does that erase all of their previous acts and they go to Heaven?

    The first thing that has to be asked in this situation would be, were they truly repentant and genuinely sorry for their sins and did they truly realize their need for a Savior in Jesus Christ?

    If they were going through some religious act in order to avoid the eternal penalty of the sin, then maybe not.

    The truth of the matter is that we have no way to know this. Only God knows what is really going on in a man’s heart.

    The other thing that we must remember is that a man is not separated from God eternally because of his sins. He is eternally separated from God because of one sin: the rejection of Jesus Christ.

    The multitude of a man’s sins are an out working of the one sin: being separated from God.

    We also need to remember that sin is sin. We categorize sin based on our standards of conduct, culture, etc. but God does not look at it that way.

    Can Christians drink wine?

    The consumption of wine was quite common in ancient Hebrew culture. There are 8 different words in the Hebrew language that refer to wine or strong drink.

    This continues to be very common in Jewish culture even today.

    Although wine was consumed there was a very strict cultural guideline regarding how much wine was consumed.

    In ancient Jewish culture, drunkenness was frowned upon greatly in society and was considered a taboo thing to do. There was great social pressure against it.

    It would be similar to the change that we have had in our country in our attitude about smoking. 40 – 50 years ago, smoking was very fashionable and seen in advertisements, on television and in movies. But today it is nowhere what it used to be because of this change of culture. There is an increased pressure on smokers today that was not there years ago.

    In Jewish culture, drinking in moderation was acceptable but not intoxication. It was part of the culture.

    The following scripture illustrates the attitude of the culture:

    1 Samuel 1:12-18 NKJV (12) And it happened, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli watched her mouth. (13) Now Hannah spoke in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli thought she was drunk. (14) So Eli said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Put your wine away from you!” (15) But Hannah answered and said, “No, my lord, I am a woman of sorrowful spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor intoxicating drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. (16) Do not consider your maidservant a wicked woman, for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief I have spoken until now.” (17) Then Eli answered and said, “Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant your petition which you have asked of Him.” (18) And she said, “Let your maidservant find favor in your sight.” So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.

    It was considered an abomination to pray while you were intoxicated.

    Over and again drunkenness was condemned in the scriptures.

    Proverbs 20:1 NKJV (1) Wine is a mocker, Strong drink is a brawler, And whoever is led astray by it is not wise.

    Proverbs 21:17 NKJV (17) He who loves pleasure will be a poor man; He who loves wine and oil will not be rich.

    Proverbs 31:4-7 NKJV (4) It is not for kings, O Lemuel, It is not for kings to drink wine, Nor for princes intoxicating drink; (5) Lest they drink and forget the law, And pervert the justice of all the afflicted. (6) Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to those who are bitter of heart. (7) Let him drink and forget his poverty, And remember his misery no more.

    You could bring a curse upon yourself for giving someone alcohol and encouraging them to get drunk.

    Habakkuk 2:15 NKJV (15) “Woe to him who gives drink to his neighbor, Pressing him to your bottle, Even to make him drunk, That you may look on his nakedness!

    The culture we described among the ancient Jews does not exist today in our culture.

    In that day, the worst thing that happened in that day when someone became drunk was that they might get into some kind of fight or physically harm themselves by falling or something like that.

    Proverbs 23:29-30 NKJV (29) Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? (30) Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine.

    The cost of alcoholism and drunkenness today is immeasurable. I would venture to say that there are not too many families that have not been touched by tragedy that comes because someone drove drunk. The toll that it takes is an incredible price.

    We live in a different world today. Our cultural norms are different.

    Our consumption of alcohol today is totally different because today it is usually not about having one beer to go along with your cheeseburger; especially among young people. For them the goal of alcohol consumption is to see how drunk one can get. “Dude, how wasted am I?”

    That is the cultural norm.

    When we see people in commercials telling us to drink responsibly, they are not telling you to consume a beer let that be the end of it. The assumption is that you are going to get drunk, so make arrangements ahead of time for a designated driver to get you home.

    The believer’s decision in regard to the consumption of alcoholic beverage has to be made with respect to others.

    As a Christian, I now have a responsibility to something much greater than myself. I have a responsibility to my church, my community, and my group.

    2 Corinthians 5:14-15 NKJV (14) For the love of Christ compels us, because we judge thus: that if One died for all, then all died; (15) and He died for all, that those who live should live no longer for themselves, but for Him who died for them and rose again.

    After we become a Christian and we begin to grow in the things of God, in order to mature we must understand that our lives are no longer about us.

    Once we learn this and begin to live our lives as though it is not about us and our needs, God makes sure that it becomes all about you and your needs.

    Romans 14:15-17 AMP (15) But if your brother is being pained or his feelings hurt or if he is being injured by what you eat, [then] you are no longer walking in love. [You have ceased to be living and conducting yourself by the standard of love toward him.] Do not let what you eat hurt or cause the ruin of one for whom Christ died! (16) Do not therefore let what seems good to you be considered an evil thing [by someone else]. [In other words, do not give occasion for others to criticize that which is justifiable for you.] (17) [After all] the kingdom of God is not a matter of [getting the] food and drink [one likes], but instead it is righteousness (that state which makes a person acceptable to God) and [heart] peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.

    I can tell you emphatically that getting drunk is clearly a sin in the scripture.

    Galatians 5:19-21 NKJV (19) Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, (20) idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies, (21) envy, murders, drunkenness, revelries, and the like; of which I tell you beforehand, just as I also told you in time past, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

    With clear conscience however, I cannot tell you that it is a sin to have a glass of wine.

    It is a matter of personal conscience and conviction as to whether you drink a glass of wine.

    But I am to consider my brother and my sister in my consumption of wine. Is it in the best interest of those around me who may be watching my life as an example for me to do that?

    Remember, our culture is not like it was in ancient times. Overindulgence is the norm in the culture in which we live.

    Alcohol has never been known to lift any society.

    1 Corinthians 6:12 NKJV (12) All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any.

    Romans 15:1-6 NIV (1) We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak and not to please ourselves. (2) Each of us should please his neighbor for his good, to build him up. (3) For even Christ did not please himself but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.” (4) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. (5) May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you a spirit of unity among yourselves as you follow Christ Jesus, (6) so that with one heart and mouth you may glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

    The real question to ask is my moderation drinking worth risking causing someone who may be weak or ignorant to stumble and fall? Do I want to be that selfish as to not even take that into consideration?

    Someone may say, “I only drink a glass of wine to take the edge off…”

    My response to that is: God never wants you to use anything artificial to “take the edge off” of the pressures of life.

    Time and time again we are told to think soberly about different things, God does not want anything to have an effect on your mental faculties because it can affect your power of choice, and He is strongly against that. It is actually a substitute for what God’s has made available for people.

    Ephesians 5:18 NKJV (18) And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with the Spirit,

    Ephesians 5:18 MSG (18) Don’t drink too much wine. That cheapens your life. Drink the Spirit of God, huge draughts of him.

    God’s intent is for the ministry of the Holy Spirit to take the edge off. He wants to be your source of happiness when you need it. (Acts 2:13-15)

    When we are filled with the Spirit, we don’t need what alcohol offers to us!! Why go for the substitute when we can have the real thing in excess?

  • Questions and Answers – Part 4

    What is Heaven like and where is it located?

    There are some glimpses of Heaven in the Bible that describe what it is like in all of its beauty and splendor.

    Revelation 21:9-27 NLT Then one of the seven angels who held the seven bowls containing the seven last plagues came and said to me, “Come with me! I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.” (10) So he took me in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and he showed me the holy city, Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God. (11) It shone with the glory of God and sparkled like a precious stone–like jasper as clear as crystal. (12) The city wall was broad and high, with twelve gates guarded by twelve angels. And the names of the twelve tribes of Israel were written on the gates. (13) There were three gates on each side–east, north, south, and west. (14) The wall of the city had twelve foundation stones, and on them were written the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. (15) The angel who talked to me held in his hand a gold measuring stick to measure the city, its gates, and its wall. (16) When he measured it, he found it was a square, as wide as it was long. In fact, its length and width and height were each 1,400 miles. (17) Then he measured the walls and found them to be 216 feet thick (according to the human standard used by the angel). (18) The wall was made of jasper, and the city was pure gold, as clear as glass. (19) The wall of the city was built on foundation stones inlaid with twelve precious stones: the first was jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, the fourth emerald, (20) the fifth onyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst. (21) The twelve gates were made of pearls–each gate from a single pearl! And the main street was pure gold, as clear as glass. (22) I saw no temple in the city, for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple. (23) And the city has no need of sun or moon, for the glory of God illuminates the city, and the Lamb is its light. (24) The nations will walk in its light, and the kings of the world will enter the city in all their glory. (25) Its gates will never be closed at the end of day because there is no night there. (26) And all the nations will bring their glory and honor into the city. (27) Nothing evil will be allowed to enter, nor anyone who practices shameful idolatry and dishonesty–but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s Book of Life.

    We know that Heaven is 1400 miles wide, 1400 miles deep and 1400 miles high.

    We know that the scriptures tell us that there are streets made of gold, jewels in the walls, and pearls make up the gates.

    We know there is music and singing in Heaven.

    Revelation 5:9 NKJV (9) And they sang a new song, saying: “You are worthy to take the scroll, And to open its seals; For You were slain, And have redeemed us to God by Your blood Out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation,

    Zephaniah 3:17 NKJV (17) The LORD your God in your midst, The Mighty One, will save; He will rejoice over you with gladness, He will quiet you with His love, He will rejoice over you with singing.”

    We know that there is absolute peace in Heaven.

    Matthew 6:10 NKJV (10) Your kingdom come. Your will be done On earth as it is in heaven.

    Isaiah 11:6-9 NKJV (6) “The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, The leopard shall lie down with the young goat, The calf and the young lion and the fatling together; And a little child shall lead them. (7) The cow and the bear shall graze; Their young ones shall lie down together; And the lion shall eat straw like the ox. (8) The nursing child shall play by the cobra’s hole, And the weaned child shall put his hand in the viper’s den. (9) They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain, For the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD As the waters cover the sea.

    We know that we will eat in Heaven, but we will not need to eat to live.

    Revelation 19:9 NKJV (9) Then he said to me, “Write: ‘Blessed are those who are called to the marriage supper of the Lamb!’ ” And he said to me, “These are the true sayings of God.”

    How will you find your loved ones when we get to Heaven, especially ones that died long ago? Will they look like they did on earth?

    Hebrews 12:1 NKJV (1) Therefore we also, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which so easily ensnares us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,

    I believe that our loved ones will pursue locating us when we get there because they have been somewhat aware of what has been going on in our lives spiritually here on the earth.

    I believe that we will be able to recognize our loved ones that we knew by natural means but also we will recognize each other by supernatural means.

    Luke 16:23-24 NKJV (23) And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. (24) “Then he cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame.’

    Matthew 17:1-5 NKJV (1) Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves; (2) and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light.

    (3) And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him. (4) Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” (5) While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!”

    One thing to remember is that once you step over into eternity, a sense of time stops. The Bible says that there is no sun in Heaven but that it is lit by the light that comes out of the face of God. Therefore, we do not need our daily cycle of time.


    If there is a terribly evil person who did horrible things throughout life, on their deathbed they accept Christ. Does that erase all of their previous acts and they go to Heaven?

    The first thing that has to be asked in this situation would be, were they truly repentant and genuinely sorry for their sins and did they truly realize their need for a Savior in Jesus Christ?

    If they were going through some religious act in order to avoid the eternal penalty of the sin, then maybe not.

    The truth of the matter is that we have no way to know this. Only God knows what is really going on in a man’s heart.

    The other thing that we must remember is that a man is not separated from God eternally because of his sins. He is eternally separated from God because of one sin: the rejection of Jesus Christ.

    The multitude of a man’s sins are an out working of the one sin: being separated from God.

    We also need to remember that sin is sin. We categorize sin based on our standards of conduct, culture, etc. but God does not look at it that way.

    Related question: With all of the recent murder/suicides, if the person committing the crimes was to ask God for forgiveness before dying, would God forgive and how would justice be handled/served?

    We have to understand that God is always just in all of His ways.

    There are going to be times when we are not going to understand how justice will be served and we should leave that up to God and His wisdom.

    In my opinion, very often, it is the same twisted, diseased thinking that would cause someone to commit blatant, unprovoked murder that causes them to take their own life.

    Luke 23:32-33 NKJV (32) There were also two others, criminals, led with Him to be put to death. (33) And when they had come to the place called Calvary, there they crucified Him, and the criminals, one on the right hand and the other on the left.

    Matthew 27:44 NKJV (44) Even the robbers who were crucified with Him reviled Him with the same thing.

    Mark 15:32 KJV (32) Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reviled him.

    Luke 23:39-43 NKJV (39) Then one of the criminals who were hanged blasphemed Him, saying, “If You are the Christ, save Yourself and us.” (40) But the other, answering, rebuked him, saying, “Do you not even fear God, seeing you are under the same condemnation? (41) And we indeed justly, for we receive the due reward of our deeds; but this Man has done nothing wrong.” (42) Then he said to Jesus, “Lord, remember me when You come into Your kingdom.” (43) And Jesus said to him, “Assuredly, I say to you, today you will be with Me in Paradise.”

    Mark 7:1-6 NKJV (1) Then the Pharisees and some of the scribes came together to Him, having come from Jerusalem. (2) Now when they saw some of His disciples eat bread with defiled, that is, with unwashed hands, they found fault. (3) For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they wash their hands in a special way, holding the tradition of the elders. (4) When they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other things which they have received and hold, like the washing of cups, pitchers, copper vessels, and couches. (5) Then the Pharisees and scribes asked Him, “Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashed hands?” (6) He answered and said to them, “Well did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written: ‘THIS PEOPLE HONORS ME WITH THEIR LIPS, BUT THEIR HEART IS FAR FROM ME. (7) AND IN VAIN THEY WORSHIP ME, TEACHING AS DOCTRINES THE COMMANDMENTS OF MEN.’

    We must understand the difference between a conviction of conscience and the commandments of God.

    A conviction of conscience is something that my conscience tells me that I should not have anything to do with because of my own life. The commandments of God are always going to be universal and apply to everyone.

    Conviction of conscience is shaped by environment and culture and not necessarily the Word of God.


    Can Christians drink wine?

    The consumption of wine was quite common in ancient Hebrew culture. There are 8 different words in the Hebrew language that refer to wine or strong drink.

    This continues to be very common in Jewish culture even today.

    Although wine was consumed there was a very strict cultural guideline regarding how much wine was consumed.

    In ancient Jewish culture, drunkenness was frowned upon greatly in society and was considered a taboo thing to do. There was great social pressure against it.

    It would be similar to the change that we have had in our country in our attitude about smoking. 40 – 50 years ago, smoking was very fashionable and seen in advertisements, on television and in movies. But today it is nowhere what it used to be because of this change of culture. There is an increased pressure on smokers today that was not there years ago.

    In Jewish culture, drinking in moderation was acceptable but not intoxication. It was part of the culture.

    The following scripture illustrates the attitude of the culture:

    1 Samuel 1:12-18 NKJV (12) And it happened, as she continued praying before the LORD, that Eli watched her mouth. (13) Now Hannah spoke in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli thought she was drunk. (14) So Eli said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Put your wine away from you!” (15) But Hannah answered and said, “No, my lord, I am a woman of sorrowful spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor intoxicating drink, but have poured out my soul before the LORD. (16) Do not consider your maidservant a wicked woman, for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief I have spoken until now.” (17) Then Eli answered and said, “Go in peace, and the God of Israel grant your petition which you have asked of Him.” (18) And she said, “Let your maidservant find favor in your sight.” So the woman went her way and ate, and her face was no longer sad.

    It was considered an abomination to pray while you were intoxicated.

    Over and again drunkenness was condemned in the scriptures.

    Proverbs 20:1 NKJV (1) Wine is a mocker, Strong drink is a brawler, And whoever is led astray by it is not wise.

    Proverbs 21:17 NKJV (17) He who loves pleasure will be a poor man; He who loves wine and oil will not be rich.

    Proverbs 31:4-7 NKJV (4) It is not for kings, O Lemuel, It is not for kings to drink wine, Nor for princes intoxicating drink; (5) Lest they drink and forget the law, And pervert the justice of all the afflicted. (6) Give strong drink to him who is perishing, And wine to those who are bitter of heart. (7) Let him drink and forget his poverty, And remember his misery no more.

    You could bring a curse upon yourself for giving someone alcohol and encouraging them to get drunk.

    Habakkuk 2:15 NKJV (15) “Woe to him who gives drink to his neighbor, Pressing him to your bottle, Even to make him drunk, That you may look on his nakedness!

    The culture we described among the ancient Jews does not exist today in our culture.

    In that day, the worst thing that happened in that day when someone became drunk was that they might get into some kind of fight or physically harm themselves by falling or something like that.

    Proverbs 23:29-30 NKJV (29) Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has contentions? Who has complaints? Who has wounds without cause? Who has redness of eyes? (30) Those who linger long at the wine, Those who go in search of mixed wine.

    The cost of alcoholism and drunkenness today is immeasurable. I would venture to say that there are not too many families that have not been touched by tragedy that comes because someone drove drunk. The toll that it takes is an incredible price.

    We live in a different world today. Our cultural norms are different.

    Our consumption of alcohol today is totally different because today it is usually not about having one beer to go along with your cheeseburger; especially among young people. For them the goal of alcohol consumption is to see how drunk one can get. “Dude, how wasted am I?”

    That is the cultural norm.

    When we see people in commercials telling us to drink responsibly, they are not telling you to consume a beer let that be the end of it. The assumption is that you are going to get drunk, so make arrangements ahead of time for a designated driver to get you home.

    The believer’s decision in regard to the consumption of alcoholic beverage has to be made with respect to others.

    As a Christian, I now have a responsibility to something much greater than myself. I have a responsibility to my church, my community, and my group.

    2 Corinthians 5:14-15 NKJV (14) For the love of Christ compels us, because we judge thus: that if One died for all, then all died; (15) and He died for all, that those who live should live no longer for themselves, but for Him who died for them and rose again.

    After we become a Christian and we begin to grow in the things of God, in order to mature we must understand that our lives are no longer about us.

    Once we learn this and begin to live our lives as though it is not about us and our needs, God makes sure that it becomes all about you and your needs.

    Romans 14:15-17 AMP (15) But if your brother is being pained or his feelings hurt or if he is being injured by what you eat, [then] you are no longer walking in love. [You have ceased to be living and conducting yourself by the standard of love toward him.] Do not let what you eat hurt or cause the ruin of one for whom Christ died! (16) Do not therefore let what seems good to you be considered an evil thing [by someone else]. [In other words, do not give occasion for others to criticize that which is justifiable for you.] (17) [After all] the kingdom of God is not a matter of [getting the] food and drink [one likes], but instead it is righteousness (that state which makes a person acceptable to God) and [heart] peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.

    I can tell you emphatically that getting drunk is clearly a sin in the scripture.

    Galatians 5:19-21 NKJV (19) Now the works of the flesh are evident, which are: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lewdness, (20) idolatry, sorcery, hatred, contentions, jealousies, outbursts of wrath, selfish ambitions, dissensions, heresies, (21) envy, murders, drunkenness, revelries, and the like; of which I tell you beforehand, just as I also told you in time past, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.

    With clear conscience however, I cannot tell you that it is a sin to have a glass of wine.

    It is a matter of personal conscience and conviction as to whether you drink a glass of wine.

    But I am to consider my brother and my sister in my consumption of wine. Is it in the best interest of those around me who may be watching my life as an example for me to do that?

    Remember, our culture is not like it was in ancient times. Overindulgence is the norm in the culture in which we live.

    Alcohol has never been known to lift any society.

    1 Corinthians 6:12 NKJV (12) All things are lawful for me, but all things are not helpful. All things are lawful for me, but I will not be brought under the power of any.

    Romans 15:1-6 NIV (1) We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak and not to please ourselves. (2) Each of us should please his neighbor for his good, to build him up. (3) For even Christ did not please himself but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.” (4) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. (5) May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you a spirit of unity among yourselves as you follow Christ Jesus, (6) so that with one heart and mouth you may glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

    The real question to ask is my moderation drinking worth risking causing someone who may be weak or ignorant to stumble and fall? Do I want to be that selfish as to not even take that into consideration?

    Someone may say, “I only drink a glass of wine to take the edge off…”

    My response to that is: God never wants you to use anything artificial to “take the edge off” of the pressures of life.

    Time and time again we are told to think soberly about different things, God does not want anything to have an effect on your mental faculties because it can affect your power of choice, and He is strongly against that.

    It is actually a substitute for what God’s has made available for people.

    Ephesians 5:18 NKJV (18) And do not be drunk with wine, in which is dissipation; but be filled with the Spirit,

    Ephesians 5:18 MSG (18) Don’t drink too much wine. That cheapens your life. Drink the Spirit of God, huge draughts of him.

    God’s intent is for the ministry of the Holy Spirit to take the edge off. He wants to be your source of happiness when you need it. (Acts 2:13-15)

    When we are filled with the Spirit, we don’t need what alcohol offers to us!!

    Why go for the substitute when we can have the real thing in excess?

  • Questions and Answers – Part 3

    Jesus makes it very clear that when you are in His Kingdom, no man can step between you and God and take you out of God’s hand.

    There is no one else that can tamper with your salvation. Your salvation is between you and God alone and no one else can interfere with that.

    Romans 8:33-39 NKJV Who shall bring a charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. (34) Who is he who condemns? It is Christ who died, and furthermore is also risen, who is even at the right hand of God, who also makes intercession for us. (35) Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? (36) As it is written: “FOR YOUR SAKE WE ARE KILLED ALL DAY LONG; WE ARE ACCOUNTED AS SHEEP FOR THE SLAUGHTER.” (37) Yet in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us. (38) For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come, (39) nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Paul says there is no one that can come between you and the Lord and affect God’s love for you.

    However, there are a number of Scriptures that talk about believers who fall away.

    The two most prominent places in the Word that discuss this are referring to a very mature believer who falls away NOT someone who just recently received Jesus or the brand-new Christian.

    There is a huge difference between someone who is struggling who does not have a lot of knowledge of God, has not been taught the Word of God and is new in their faith and someone who ought to know better.

    Hebrews 6:1 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God,

    Hebrews 6:1 ERV So we should be finished with the beginning lessons about Christ. We should not have to keep going back to where we started. We began our new life by turning away from the evil we did in the past and by believing in God. That’s when we were taught about baptisms, laying hands on people, the resurrection of those who have died, and the final judgment. Now we need to go forward to more mature teaching.

    The whole idea of walking with Christ is to grow towards perfection and to rise above sin and not to stay where you are in your walk with the Lord.

    Hebrews 6:1-3 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, (2) of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying on of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment. (3) And this we will do if God permits.

    There is nowhere in the Bible that teaches us that if you sin as a believer, you lose your salvation.

    There is a difference between fellowship and relationship. Your fellowship may be broken because of sin but your relationship is not broken.

    Have you ever had an argument with your spouse or maybe your kid has done something to disobey you as the parent? Your fellowship may be broken at that moment, but your relationship is not.

    Naturally speaking, if you stay out of fellowship for a long period of time, you will eventually destroy the relationship.

    Hebrews 6:4-5 NKJV For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened, and have tasted the heavenly gift, and have become partakers of the Holy Spirit, (5) and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come,

    These are people who are Born Again, partook of the Holy Spirit, have walked in God’s Word and have even experienced the power of God for you and through you.

    Hebrews 6:6 NKJV if they fall away, to renew them again to repentance, since they crucify again for themselves the Son of God, and put Him to an open shame.

    When these people fall away from God, there is no coming back because they don’t want to come back. They would not repent even if they could.

    Why did God cast out the third of the angels that rebelled with Lucifer? Why does that seem harsh? It is because they don’t want to repent and come back. Even if God were to hold His hand out in mercy, they don’t care.

    The people that have committed the unpardonable sin don’t care and are not the least bit interested in coming back to God. So if you are thinking that you have gone too far and you are afraid that you have committed the unpardonable sin and are eternally lost, that is a good sign that you have not; simply because you are bothered about it. That is a sign that there is a lot of hope for you.

    If a person is troubled about where they are in their relationship with God, it is a good sign that they are not in as bad shape as they think they are.

    What are the things that lead to a Christian to walk away from their faith?

    Romans 1:20-22 AMPC For ever since the creation of the world His invisible nature and attributes, that is, His eternal power and divinity, have been made intelligible and clearly discernible in and through the things that have been made (His handiworks). So [men] are without excuse [altogether without any defense or justification], [Psa 19:1-4] (21) Because when they knew and recognized Him as God, they did not honor and glorify Him as God or give Him thanks. But instead they became futile and godless in their thinking [with vain imaginings, foolish reasoning, and stupid speculations] and their senseless minds were darkened. (22) Claiming to be wise, they became fools [professing to be smart, they made simpletons of themselves].

    • People begin to fall when they quit giving God glory.
    • People begin to fall when they are no longer thankful.
    • People begin to fall when they become vain in their imaginations.
    • People begin to fall when they become full of pride.
    • People begin to fall when they profess themselves to be wise.

    The thing to remember in all of this is that this is a PROCESS and does not happen OVERNIGHT.

    Five things that you can do to keep yourself from falling:

    1. Do not forsake coming to church and being an active part.

    Usually when people fall, it is because they are isolated and disconnected from their local church.

    1. Have a regular time of devotion and prayer and spending time in the Word of God.
    2. Continually recall God’s goodness and give Him thanks for His goodness in your life.
    3. Examine yourself before God and make corrections as He brings things to your attention.

    There is a difference between self-examination and self-condemnation.

    Self-examination is to keep you of trouble. When you hear that you are sorry and no good is condemnation.

    1. Don’t let pride in your life.

    Proverbs 16:18 NKJV Pride goes before destruction, And a haughty spirit before a fall.

    When you refuse to become prideful, you will always remain sensitive.

    At some point in our Christian lives, and the earlier the better, you must decide that you believe that the Word of God is the truth and you choose to believe it over anything else.

    Question:

    What is hell like and where is it located?

    Contrary to some teaching today, hell is a literal place that was originally created for Satan and his angels.

    Luke 16:19-31 NKJV (19) “There was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and fared sumptuously every day. (20) But there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, full of sores, who was laid at his gate, (21) desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man’s table. Moreover the dogs came and licked his sores. (22) So it was that the beggar died, and was carried by the angels to Abraham’s bosom. The rich man also died and was buried. (23) And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. (24) “Then he cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame.’ (25) But Abraham said, ‘Son, remember that in your lifetime you received your good things, and likewise Lazarus evil things; but now he is comforted and you are tormented. (26) And besides all this, between us and you there is a great gulf fixed, so that those who want to pass from here to you cannot, nor can those from there pass to us.’ (27) “Then he said, ‘I beg you therefore, father, that you would send him to my father’s house, (28) for I have five brothers, that he may testify to them, lest they also come to this place of torment.’ (29) Abraham said to him, ‘They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.’ (30) And he said, ‘No, father Abraham; but if one goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’ (31) But he said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rise from the dead.’ “

    Hell is a place of unimaginable torments. It is a place where there is fire that burns constantly but it does not consume anything.

    It was so bad the rich man was willing to let Lazarus dip his finger in the water and touch his tongue.

    Where is hell located?

    2 Peter 2:4 NKJV (4) For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but cast them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved for judgment;

    Acts 2:22-27 NKJV (22) “Men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a Man attested by God to you by miracles, wonders, and signs which God did through Him in your midst, as you yourselves also know– (23) Him, being delivered by the determined purpose and foreknowledge of God, you have taken by lawless hands, have crucified, and put to death; (24) whom God raised up, having loosed the pains of death, because it was not possible that He should be held by it. (25) For David says concerning Him: ‘I FORESAW THE LORD ALWAYS BEFORE MY FACE, FOR HE IS AT MY RIGHT HAND, THAT I MAY NOT BE SHAKEN. (26) THEREFORE MY HEART REJOICED, AND MY TONGUE WAS GLAD; MOREOVER MY FLESH ALSO WILL REST IN HOPE. (27) FOR YOU WILL NOT LEAVE MY SOUL IN HADES, NOR WILL YOU ALLOW YOUR HOLY ONE TO SEE CORRUPTION.

    Matthew 12:38-40 NKJV (38) Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered, saying, “Teacher, we want to see a sign from You.” (39) But He answered and said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. (40) For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.

    It was never God’s will that any human being spend eternity in hell. It was not created for men.

    Matthew 25:41 NKJV (41) “Then He will also say to those on the left hand, ‘Depart from Me, you cursed, into the everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels:

    God does not send anyone to hell. People go because of the decisions that they made in this life.

    1 Timothy 2:1-5 NKJV (1) Therefore I exhort first of all that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and giving of thanks be made for all men, (2) for kings and all who are in authority, that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and reverence. (3) For this is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Savior, (4) who desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. (5) For there is one God and one Mediator between God and men, the Man Christ Jesus,

    Question:

    What is Heaven like and where is it located?

    There are some glimpses of Heaven in the Bible that describe what it is like in all of its beauty and splendor.

    Revelation 21:10-27 NLT (10) So he took me in the Spirit to a great, high mountain, and he showed me the holy city, Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God. (11) It shone with the glory of God and sparkled like a precious stone–like jasper as clear as crystal. (12) The city wall was broad and high, with twelve gates guarded by twelve angels. And the names of the twelve tribes of Israel were written on the gates. (13) There were three gates on each side–east, north, south, and west. (14) The wall of the city had twelve foundation stones, and on them were written the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. (15) The angel who talked to me held in his hand a gold measuring stick to measure the city, its gates, and its wall. (16) When he measured it, he found it was a square, as wide as it was long. In fact, its length and width and height were each 1,400 miles. (17) Then he measured the walls and found them to be 216 feet thick (according to the human standard used by the angel). (18) The wall was made of jasper, and the city was pure gold, as clear as glass. (19) The wall of the city was built on foundation stones inlaid with twelve precious stones: the first was jasper, the second sapphire, the third agate, the fourth emerald, (20) the fifth onyx, the sixth carnelian, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, the twelfth amethyst. (21) The twelve gates were made of pearls–each gate from a single pearl! And the main street was pure gold, as clear as glass. (22) I saw no temple in the city, for the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple. (23) And the city has no need of sun or moon, for the glory of God illuminates the city, and the Lamb is its light. (24) The nations will walk in its light, and the kings of the world will enter the city in all their glory. (25) Its gates will never be closed at the end of day because there is no night there. (26) And all the nations will bring their glory and honor into the city. (27) Nothing evil will be allowed to enter, nor anyone who practices shameful idolatry and dishonesty–but only those whose names are written in the Lamb’s Book of Life.

    We know that Heaven is 1400 miles wide, 1400 miles deep and 1400 miles high.

    We know that the scriptures tell us that there are streets made of gold, jewels in the walls, and pearls make up the gates.

    We know there is music and singing in Heaven.

    Revelation 5:9 NKJV (9) And they sang a new song, saying: “You are worthy to take the scroll, And to open its seals; For You were slain, And have redeemed us to God by Your blood Out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation,

    Zephaniah 3:17 NKJV (17) The LORD your God in your midst, The Mighty One, will save; He will rejoice over you with gladness, He will quiet you with His love, He will rejoice over you with singing.”

    We know that there is absolute peace in Heaven.

    Matthew 6:10 NKJV (10) Your kingdom come. Your will be done On earth as it is in heaven.

    Isaiah 11:6-9 NKJV (6) “The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, The leopard shall lie down with the young goat, The calf and the young lion and the fatling together; And a little child shall lead them. (7) The cow and the bear shall graze; Their young ones shall lie down together; And the lion shall eat straw like the ox. (8) The nursing child shall play by the cobra’s hole, And the weaned child shall put his hand in the viper’s den. (9) They shall not hurt nor destroy in all My holy mountain, For the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD As the waters cover the sea.

    We know that we will eat in Heaven but we will not need to eat to live.

    Revelation 19:9 NKJV (9) Then he said to me, “Write: ‘Blessed are those who are called to the marriage supper of the Lamb!’ ” And he said to me, “These are the true sayings of God.”

    How will you find your loved ones when we get to Heaven, especially ones that died long ago? Will they look like they did on earth?

    Hebrews 12:1 NKJV (1) Therefore we also, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which so easily ensnares us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,

    I believe that our loved ones will pursue locating us when we get there because they have been somewhat aware of what has been going on in our lives spiritually here on the earth.

    I believe that we will be able to recognize our loved ones that we knew by natural means but also we will recognize each other by supernatural means.

    Luke 16:23-24 NKJV (23) And being in torments in Hades, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham afar off, and Lazarus in his bosom. (24) “Then he cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue; for I am tormented in this flame.’

    Matthew 17:1-5 NKJV (1) Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves; (2) and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. (3) And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him. (4) Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.” (5) While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!”

    One thing to remember is that once you step over into eternity, a sense of time stops. The Bible says that there is no sun in Heaven but that it is lit by the light that comes out of the face of God. Therefore, we do not need our daily cycles of time.

  • Questions and Answers – Part 2

    What is the Unpardonable Sin? 

    Mark 3:20-30 NKJV Then the multitude came together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread. (21) But when His own people heard about this, they went out to lay hold of Him, for they said, “He is out of His mind.” (22) And the scribes who came down from Jerusalem said, “He has Beelzebub,” and, “By the ruler of the demons He casts out demons.” (23) So He called them to Himself and said to them in parables: “How can Satan cast out Satan? (24) If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. (25) And if a house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand. (26) And if Satan has risen up against himself, and is divided, he cannot stand, but has an end. (27) No one can enter a strong man’s house and plunder his goods, unless he first binds the strong man. And then he will plunder his house. (28) “Assuredly, I say to you, all sins will be forgiven the sons of men, and whatever blasphemies they may utter; (29) but he who blasphemes against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is subject to eternal condemnation”– (30) because they said, “He has an unclean spirit.”

    Plainly put, the unpardonable sin is to attribute acts of the devil to the Holy Spirit.

    Blaspheme – (Greek: blasphemeo) To blaspheme, revile. To hurt the reputation or smite with reports or words, speak evil of, slander, rail

    Can you lose your salvation?

    Whenever you are looking at particular verses in the Bible, you must always look at the context of what is stated and the environment in which it was said to help you get a clear meaning.

    John 9:1-7 NKJV Now as Jesus passed by, He saw a man who was blind from birth. (2) And His disciples asked Him, saying, “Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?” (3) Jesus answered, “Neither this man nor his parents sinned, but that the works of God should be revealed in him. (4) I must work the works of Him who sent Me while it is day; the night is coming when no one can work. (5) As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.” (6) When He had said these things, He spat on the ground and made clay with the saliva; and He anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay. (7) And He said to him, “Go, wash in the pool of Siloam” (which is translated, Sent). So he went and washed, and came back seeing.

    John 9:22 NKJV His parents said these things because they feared the Jews, for the Jews had agreed already that if anyone confessed that He was Christ, he would be put out of the synagogue.

    When someone was put out of the synagogue, it did not mean you needed to find somewhere else to worship. This meant that you were eternally lost and there was no hope for you.

    John 9:30-38 NKJV The man answered and said to them, “Why, this is a marvelous thing, that you do not know where He is from; yet He has opened my eyes! (31) Now we know that God does not hear sinners; but if anyone is a worshiper of God and does His will, He hears him. (32) Since the world began it has been unheard of that anyone opened the eyes of one who was born blind. (33) If this Man were not from God, He could do nothing.” (34) They answered and said to him, “You were completely born in sins, and are you teaching us?” And they cast him out. (35) Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when He had found him, He said to him, “Do you believe in the Son of God?” (36) He answered and said, “Who is He, Lord, that I may believe in Him?” (37) And Jesus said to him, “You have both seen Him and it is He who is talking with you.” (38) Then he said, “Lord, I believe!” And he worshiped Him.

    John 10:27-31 NKJV My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me. (28) And I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; neither shall anyone snatch them out of My hand. (29) My Father, who has given them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of My Father’s hand. (30) I and My Father are one.” (31) Then the Jews took up stones again to stone Him.

    Jesus makes it very clear that when you are in His Kingdom, no man can step between you and God and take you out of God’s hand.

    There is no one else that can tamper with your salvation. Your salvation is between you and God alone and no one else can interfere with that.

    Romans 8:33-39 NKJV Who shall bring a charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. (34) Who is he who condemns? It is Christ who died, and furthermore is also risen, who is even at the right hand of God, who also makes intercession for us. (35) Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? (36) As it is written: “FOR YOUR SAKE WE ARE KILLED ALL DAY LONG; WE ARE ACCOUNTED AS SHEEP FOR THE SLAUGHTER.” (37) Yet in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us. (38) For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come, (39) nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Paul says there is no one that can come between you and the Lord and affect God’s love for you.

    However, there are a number of Scriptures that talk about believers who fall away.

    The two most prominent places in the Word that discuss this are referring to a very mature believer who falls away NOT someone who just recently received Jesus or the brand new Christian.

    There is a huge difference between someone who is struggling who does not have a lot of knowledge of God, has not been taught the Word of God and is new in their faith and someone who ought to know better.

    Hebrews 6:1 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God,

    Hebrews 6:1 ERV So we should be finished with the beginning lessons about Christ. We should not have to keep going back to where we started. We began our new life by turning away from the evil we did in the past and by believing in God. That’s when we were taught about baptisms, laying hands on people, the resurrection of those who have died, and the final judgment. Now we need to go forward to more mature teaching.

    The whole idea of walking with Christ is to grow towards perfection and to rise above sin and not to stay where you are in your walk with the Lord.

    Hebrews 6:1-3 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, (2) of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying on of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment. (3) And this we will do if God permits.

    There is nowhere in the Bible that teaches us that if you sin as a believer, you lose your salvation.

    There is a difference between fellowship and relationship. Your fellowship may be broken because of the sin but your relationship is not broken.

    Have you ever had an argument with your spouse or maybe your kid has done something to disobey you as the parent? Your fellowship may be broken at that moment, but your relationship is not.

    Naturally speaking, if you stay out of fellowship for a long period of time, you will eventually destroy the relationship.

    Hebrews 6:4-5 NKJV For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened, and have tasted the heavenly gift, and have become partakers of the Holy Spirit, (5) and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come,

    These are people who are Born Again, partook of the Holy Spirit, have walked in God’s Word and have even experienced the power of God for you and through you.

    Hebrews 6:6 NKJV if they fall away, to renew them again to repentance, since they crucify again for themselves the Son of God, and put Him to an open shame.

    When these people fall away from God, there is no coming back because they don’t want to come back. They would not repent even if they could.

    Why did God cast out the third of the angels that rebelled with Lucifer? Why does that seem harsh? It is because they don’t want to repent and come back. Even if God were to hold His hand out in mercy, they don’t care.

    The people that have committed the unpardonable sin don’t care and are not the least bit interested in coming back to God. So if you are thinking that you have gone too far and you are afraid that you have committed the unpardonable sin and are eternally lost, that is a good sign that you have not; simply because you are bothered about it. That is a sign that there is a lot of hope for you.

    If a person is troubled about where they are in their relationship with God, it is a good sign that they are not in as bad shape as they think they are.

    What are the things that lead to a Christian to walk away from their faith?

    Romans 1:20-22 AMPC For ever since the creation of the world His invisible nature and attributes, that is, His eternal power and divinity, have been made intelligible and clearly discernible in and through the things that have been made (His handiworks). So [men] are without excuse [altogether without any defense or justification], [Psa 19:1-4] (21) Because when they knew and recognized Him as God, they did not honor and glorify Him as God or give Him thanks. But instead they became futile and godless in their thinking [with vain imaginings, foolish reasoning, and stupid speculations] and their senseless minds were darkened. (22) Claiming to be wise, they became fools [professing to be smart, they made simpletons of themselves].

    • People begin to fall when they quit giving God glory.
    • People begin to fall when they are no longer thankful.
    • People begin to fall when they become vain in their imaginations.
    • People begin to fall when they become full of pride.
    • People begin to fall when they profess themselves to be wise.

    The thing to remember in all of this is that this is a PROCESS and does not happen OVERNIGHT.

    Five things that you can do to keep yourself from falling:

    1. Do not forsake coming to church and being an active part.

    Usually when people fall, it is because they are isolated and disconnected from their local church.

    1. Have a regular time of devotion and prayer and spending time in the Word of God.
    2. Continually recall God’s goodness and give Him thanks for His goodness in your life.
    3. Examine yourself before God and make corrections as He brings things to your attention.

    There is a difference between self-examination and self-condemnation.

    Self-examination is to keep you of trouble. When you hear that you are sorry and no good is condemnation.

    1. Don’t let pride in your life.

    Proverbs 16:18 NKJV Pride goes before destruction, And a haughty spirit before a fall.

    When you refuse to become prideful, you will always remain sensitive.

  • Questions and Answers – Part 1

    Why do bad things happen to good people?

    In attempting to answer any of life’s questions you must first make the Word of God to be your final authority – not your opinion, your experience or the experience of others.

    Psalms 119:89 NKJV Forever, O LORD, Your word is settled in heaven.

    Then you must establish some things about the character of God.

    Malachi 3:6 NKJV “For I am the LORD, I do not change; Therefore you are not consumed, O sons of Jacob.

    Psalms 136:1 NKJV Oh, give thanks to the LORD, for He is good! For His mercy endures forever.

    John 10:10 AMPC The thief comes only in order to steal and kill and destroy. I came that they may have and enjoy life, and have it in abundance (to the full, till it overflows).

    We must establish that God is good; He is the giver of life and death is not in Him.

    Acts 10:38 AMPC How God anointed and consecrated Jesus of Nazareth with the [Holy] Spirit and with strength and ability and power; how He went about doing good and, in particular, curing all who were harassed and oppressed by [the power of] the devil, for God was with Him.

    Simply put: God is a good God and the devil is an evil, bad devil.

    One of the main reasons that bad things happen to good people is out of simple ignorance of spiritual laws that govern this world and determine the quality of our lives.

    Hosea 4:6 NKJV My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge…

    Hosea 4:6 MSG My people are ruined because they don’t know what’s right or true…

    When you are ignorant of something, you do not know what the right decisions are to make or how to choose God’s way.

    When people don’t know what to do, they revert to what they have always done and know what to do.

    Deuteronomy 30:19 ERV “Today I am giving you a choice of two ways. And I ask heaven and earth to be witnesses of your choice. You can choose life or death. The first choice will bring a blessing. The other choice will bring a curse. So choose life! Then you and your children will live.

    There are two categories of decisions: ones that lead us towards life and blessing or ones that lead us towards death and cursing.

    There is an ignorance of how those laws function and the consequences of breaking those laws. The consequences are the same whether the laws are broken out of a willful decision or ignorance.

    The way the enemy is able to steal, kill, and destroy in our lives is because we either make poor decisions out of ignorance or he deceives us into making bad decisions through blinding us from the truth of God’s Word.

    (Give the example of gravity and walking off the platform.)

    One of those laws is the law of sowing and reaping. If you understand how this law operates and you use it according to the Word of God it will work for you to help you.

    Ignorance of this law does not stop it from working in your life, it just means that you may not know why certain things are happening.

    Why do good things happen to bad people?

    • God’s mercy.
    • They act on spiritual laws and receive the results without understanding why but only for a matter of time.

    We are not able to truly discern what is in someone’s heart; what they are believing or not believing. We can only base our perspective on what we see from the outside. We cannot see if there are any roadblocks to their belief system being able to work or not. Only God knows that.

    Deuteronomy 29:29 NKJV “The secret things belong to the LORD our God, but those things which are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.

    Deuteronomy 29:29 MSG GOD, our God, will take care of the hidden things but the revealed things are our business. It’s up to us and our children to attend to all the terms in this Revelation.

    1 Samuel 16:7 NKJV But the LORD said to Samuel, “Do not look at his appearance or at his physical stature, because I have refused him. For the LORD does not see as man sees; for man looks at the outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart.”

    Most of these questions have to do with what has happened or is happening in the lives of those around us.

    The real question is this: where am I in all of this? Are there things in my life that are happening to me that are not the will of God? You can do something about it. You and God can work together to come out of those situations that are working against you.

    Isaiah 61:1 AMPC THE SPIRIT of the Lord God is upon me, because the Lord has anointed and qualified me to preach the Gospel of good tidings to the meek, the poor, and afflicted; He has sent me to bind up and heal the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the [physical and spiritual] captives and the opening of the prison and of the eyes to those who are bound, [Rom 10:15]

    Isaiah 61:7 AMPC Instead of your [former] shame you shall have a twofold recompense; instead of dishonor and reproach [your people] shall rejoice in their portion. Therefore in their land they shall possess double [what they had forfeited]; everlasting joy shall be theirs.

    Once we gain knowledge and repent and make changes in our lives, God’s mercy and grace will step in to undo, correct and restore what the enemy was able to take from us even if it was our fault.

    Joel 2:25-26 ERV “I, the Lord, sent my army against you. The swarming locusts and the hopping locusts and the destroying locusts and the cutting locusts ate everything you had. But I will pay you back for those years of trouble. (26) Then you will have plenty to eat. You will be full. You will praise the name of the LORD your God. He has done wonderful things for you. My people will never again be ashamed.

    Can you lose your salvation?

    Whenever you are looking at particular verses in the Bible, you must always look at the context of what is stated and the environment in which it was said to help you get a clear meaning.

    John 9:1-7 NKJV Now as Jesus passed by, He saw a man who was blind from birth. (2) And His disciples asked Him, saying, “Rabbi, who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?” (3) Jesus answered, “Neither this man nor his parents sinned, but that the works of God should be revealed in him. (4) I must work the works of Him who sent Me while it is day; the night is coming when no one can work. (5) As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world.” (6) When He had said these things, He spat on the ground and made clay with the saliva; and He anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay. (7) And He said to him, “Go, wash in the pool of Siloam” (which is translated, Sent). So he went and washed, and came back seeing.

    John 9:22 NKJV His parents said these things because they feared the Jews, for the Jews had agreed already that if anyone confessed that He was Christ, he would be put out of the synagogue.

    When someone was put out of the synagogue, it did not mean you needed to find somewhere else to worship. This meant that you were eternally lost and there was no hope for you.

    John 9:30-38 NKJV The man answered and said to them, “Why, this is a marvelous thing, that you do not know where He is from; yet He has opened my eyes! (31) Now we know that God does not hear sinners; but if anyone is a worshiper of God and does His will, He hears him. (32) Since the world began it has been unheard of that anyone opened the eyes of one who was born blind. (33) If this Man were not from God, He could do nothing.” (34) They answered and said to him, “You were completely born in sins, and are you teaching us?” And they cast him out. (35) Jesus heard that they had cast him out; and when He had found him, He said to him, “Do you believe in the Son of God?” (36) He answered and said, “Who is He, Lord, that I may believe in Him?” (37) And Jesus said to him, “You have both seen Him and it is He who is talking with you.” (38) Then he said, “Lord, I believe!” And he worshiped Him.

    John 10:27-31 NKJV My sheep hear My voice, and I know them, and they follow Me. (28) And I give them eternal life, and they shall never perish; neither shall anyone snatch them out of My hand. (29) My Father, who has given them to Me, is greater than all; and no one is able to snatch them out of My Father’s hand. (30) I and My Father are one.” (31) Then the Jews took up stones again to stone Him.

    Jesus makes it very clear that when you are in His Kingdom, no man can step between you and God and take you out of God’s hand.

    There is no one else that can tamper with your salvation. Your salvation is between you and God alone and no one else can interfere with that.

    Romans 8:33-39 NKJV Who shall bring a charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. (34) Who is he who condemns? It is Christ who died, and furthermore is also risen, who is even at the right hand of God, who also makes intercession for us. (35) Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? (36) As it is written: “FOR YOUR SAKE WE ARE KILLED ALL DAY LONG; WE ARE ACCOUNTED AS SHEEP FOR THE SLAUGHTER.” (37) Yet in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us. (38) For I am persuaded that neither death nor life, nor angels nor principalities nor powers, nor things present nor things to come, (39) nor height nor depth, nor any other created thing, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

    Paul says there is no one that can come between you and the Lord and affect God’s love for you.

    However, there are a number of Scriptures that talk about believers who fall away.

    The two most prominent places in the Word that discuss this are referring to a very mature believer who falls away NOT someone who just recently received Jesus or the brand new Christian.

    There is a huge difference between someone who is struggling who does not have a lot of knowledge of God, has not been taught the Word of God and is new in their faith and someone who ought to know better.

    Hebrews 6:1 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God,

    Hebrews 6:1 ERV So we should be finished with the beginning lessons about Christ. We should not have to keep going back to where we started. We began our new life by turning away from the evil we did in the past and by believing in God. That’s when we were taught about baptisms, laying hands on people, the resurrection of those who have died, and the final judgment. Now we need to go forward to more mature teaching.

    The whole idea of walking with Christ is to grow towards perfection and to rise above sin and not to stay where you are in your walk with the Lord.

    Hebrews 6:1-3 NKJV Therefore, leaving the discussion of the elementary principles of Christ, let us go on to perfection, not laying again the foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, (2) of the doctrine of baptisms, of laying on of hands, of resurrection of the dead, and of eternal judgment. (3) And this we will do if God permits.

    There is nowhere in the Bible that teaches us that if you sin as a believer, you lose your salvation.

    There is a difference between fellowship and relationship. Your fellowship may be broken because of the sin but your relationship is not broken.

    Have you ever had an argument with your spouse or maybe your kid has done something to disobey you as the parent? Your fellowship may be broken at that moment, but your relationship is not.

    Naturally speaking, if you stay out of fellowship for a long period of time, you will eventually destroy the relationship.

    Hebrews 6:4-5 NKJV For it is impossible for those who were once enlightened, and have tasted the heavenly gift, and have become partakers of the Holy Spirit, (5) and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come,

    These are people who are Born Again, partook of the Holy Spirit, have walked in God’s Word and have even experienced the power of God for you and through you.

    Hebrews 6:6 NKJV if they fall away, to renew them again to repentance, since they crucify again for themselves the Son of God, and put Him to an open shame.

    When these people fall away from God, there is no coming back because they don’t want to come back. They would not repent even if they could.

    Why did God cast out the third of the angels that rebelled with Lucifer? Why does that seem harsh? It is because they don’t want to repent and come back. Even if God were to hold His hand out in mercy, they don’t care.

    The people that have committed the unpardonable sin don’t care and are not the least bit interested in coming back to God. So if you are thinking that you have gone too far and you are afraid that you have committed the unpardonable sin and are eternally lost, that is a good sign that you have not; simply because you are bothered about it. That is a sign that there is a lot of hope for you.

    If a person is troubled about where they are in their relationship with God, it is a good sign that they are not in as bad shape as they think they are.

    What are the things that lead to a Christian to walk away from their faith?

    Romans 1:20-22 AMPC For ever since the creation of the world His invisible nature and attributes, that is, His eternal power and divinity, have been made intelligible and clearly discernible in and through the things that have been made (His handiworks). So [men] are without excuse [altogether without any defense or justification], [Psa 19:1-4] (21) Because when they knew and recognized Him as God, they did not honor and glorify Him as God or give Him thanks. But instead they became futile and godless in their thinking [with vain imaginings, foolish reasoning, and stupid speculations] and their senseless minds were darkened. (22) Claiming to be wise, they became fools [professing to be smart, they made simpletons of themselves].

    • People begin to fall when they quit giving God glory.
    • People begin to fall when they are no longer thankful.
    • People begin to fall when they become vain in their imaginations.
    • People begin to fall when they become full of pride.
    • People begin to fall when they profess themselves to be wise.

    The thing to remember in all of this is that this is a PROCESS and does not happen OVERNIGHT.

    Five things that you can do to keep yourself from falling:

    1. Do not forsake coming to church and being an active part.

    Usually when people fall, it is because they are isolated and disconnected from their local church.

    1. Have a regular time of devotion and prayer and spending time in the Word of God.
    2. Continually recall God’s goodness and give Him thanks for His goodness in your life.
    3. Examine yourself before God and make corrections as He brings things to your attention.

    There is a difference between self-examination and self-condemnation.

    Self-examination is to keep you of trouble. When you hear that you are sorry and no good is condemnation.

    1. Don’t let pride in your life.

    Proverbs 16:18 NKJV Pride goes before destruction, And a haughty spirit before a fall.

    When you refuse to become prideful, you will always remain sensitive.

  • Bible Overview – Part 7

    Bible Overview – Part 7

    A special thanks to Bible.org for this Old Testament Survey. It can be found in its entirety here:
    https://bible.org/seriespage/introduction-old-testament-survey

    Also, content from Through the Bible Book by Book Volumes I and II by Myer Pearlman was used in this study.

    Introduction

    THE TITLE

    The common title for these twelve books of the English Bible is “minor prophets.” This title originated in Augustine’s time (late fourth century A.D.), but they are minor only in that they are each much shorter than the prophecies of Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel (called “major prophets”).

    THE ORIGIN OF THE PROPHETIC OFFICE

    Ultimately, the prophetic office found its origin in God’s purpose for Israel as a nation through whom all the nations could be blessed. So how, then, was God’s will to be known? The true and legitimate means by which God’s will would be delivered to His people is given in the very next verses in Deuteronomy 18:15-22.

    Deuteronomy 18:15-22 NKJV (15) “The LORD your God will raise up for you a Prophet like me from your midst, from your brethren. Him you shall hear, (16) according to all you desired of the LORD your God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, ‘Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, nor let me see this great fire anymore, lest I die.’ (17) “And the LORD said to me: ‘What they have spoken is good. (18) I will raise up for them a Prophet like you from among their brethren, and will put My words in His mouth, and He shall speak to them all that I command Him. (19) And it shall be that whoever will not hear My words, which He speaks in My name, I will require it of him. (20) But the prophet who presumes to speak a word in My name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or who speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet shall die.’ (21) And if you say in your heart, ‘How shall we know the word which the LORD has not spoken?’– (22) when a prophet speaks in the name of the LORD, if the thing does not happen or come to pass, that is the thing which the LORD has not spoken; the prophet has spoken it presumptuously; you shall not be afraid of him.

    This revelation forms the biblical origin and reason for the prophetic office. Freeman rightly contends: “… the origin of the prophetic institution in Israel is not to be found in Canaan nor in other Near Eastern cultures as negative criticism contends, but was itself established for the specific purpose of guarding Israel against Canaan’s superstitious practices, as well as those of her neighbors.”71

    Furthermore, so that the nation might fulfill God’s purposes as stated in the Abrahamic Covenant (see Gen. 12:1-3), He gave them specific promises and warnings. The prophets’ messages of sin and judgment must be seen in the light of this background and understanding of the Old Testament.

    However, the prophets did not just proclaim doom and gloom. They also proclaimed a message of salvation and coming glory. Modern scholars sometimes claim that these positive messages are later additions by some scribe, but God, remember, is the immutable and eternal God of all comfort and grace, so the prophets would usually give a message of doom and gloom, but coupled with this they would also tell the people about the light at the end of the tunnel to give them hope (cf. Isa. 12:1-2; 40:1-2).

    LITERARY FEATURES OF THE MINOR PROPHETS

    When we study the prophets we find they all pretty much have the same basic ingredients:

    1. warning of impending judgment because of the nations’ sinfulness;
    2. a description of the sin;
    3. a description of the coming judgment;
    4. a call for repentance;
    5. a promise of future deliverance.

    CHRONOLOGY OVERVIEW 
    THEIR ORDER IN THE ENGLISH BIBLE
    1. Hosea

    2. Joel

    3. Amos

    4. Obadiah

    5. Jonah

    6. Micah

    7. Nahum

    8. Habakkuk

    9. Zephaniah

    10. Haggai

    11. Zechariah

    12. Malachi

     THEIR GROUPING ACCORDING TO THE EXILE AND THE KINGDOMS OF ISRAEL AND JUDAH

    Group

    Book Approximate Dates
    Pre-Exilic

    Prophets of Israel

    Jonah (preached to Nineveh)
    Amos
    Hosea

    780-850
    765-750
    755-715

    Prophets of Judah Obadiah
    Joel
    Micah
    Nahum
    Habakkuk
    Zephaniah
    840
    835-796
    740-690
    630-612
    606-604
    625
    Post-Exilic Prophets

    Prophets of the Returned Remnant

    Haggai
    Zechariah
    Malachi

    520
    515
    430

    HOSEA (Persevering Love)

    AUTHOR:

    As declared in verse 1, the author is Hosea, the son of Beeri and the husband of Gomer (1:3), who was apparently a citizen of northern Israel since his concern was for the Northern Kingdom of Israel and called the king of Samaria “our king” (7:5). All we know about Hosea we learn from the book itself in its autobiographical sections.

    DATE: 755 – 715 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The book is named after its author, Hosea and is identical to the last king of the Northern Kingdom, Hoshea. For purposes of distinction, the English Bible always gives the name of the minor prophet as Hosea. Interestingly, the names Hosea, Joshua, and Jesus are all derived from the same Hebrew word, hoshea, which means “salvation.” However, both Joshua and Jesus include the additional truth, “Yahweh is salvation.” As God’s messenger, Hosea offers salvation to the nation if they will turn from their idolatry and return to the Lord.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Hosea was written to demonstrate the steadfast or unfailing love of God for Israel in spite of her continued unfaithfulness. Through Hosea’s marital experience, the book shows us the heart of a loving and compassionate God who longs to bless His people with the knowledge of Himself and all that knowing God intimately can mean to man. In keeping with this purpose, the theme of Hosea is a strong testimony against the Northern Kingdom because it had been unfaithful to its covenant relationship with the Lord, as demonstrated in its widespread corruption in moral life both publicly and privately. Thus, the prophet seeks to get his countrymen to repent and return with contrite hearts to their patient and ever-loving God. This is presented from the standpoint of Yahweh’s love to Israel as His own dear children and as His covenant wife.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN HOSEA:

    In Hosea, Messiah is presented as:

    1. the Son of God (cf. 11:1 with Matt. 2:15),
    2. the only Savior of His people (cf. 13:4 with John 14:6),
    3. the One who will ransom us from the dead (cf. 13:14 with 1 Cor. 15:55)
    4. the One who loves us with great compassion (11:4)
    5. the One who heals those who will return to Him (6:1)

    JOEL (The Coming of the Day of Yahweh)

    AUTHOR:

    As indicated by 1:1, the author is “Joel,” which means “Yahweh is God.” We know nothing else about him other than the name of his father who is Pethuel (1:1).

    DATE: 835 – 796 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The Hebrew for Joel is Yoáel, which, as stated above, means Yahweh is God. This name is extremely appropriate in view of the message of Joel, which lays stress on God as the Sovereign One who has all creation and the nations under His power and control as the God of History.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Joel uses a recent drought and locust plague that strikes Judah without warning as an object lesson to warn of a future invasion of Israel in the Day of Yahweh. In just a very short time, a matter of hours, every piece of vegetation is stripped bare. If the nation will repent and return to the Lord, God will restore His relationship with her and bless her. This was true in the historical situation in which Joel was writing and will be true any time in the future.

    For the ultimate blessings and restoration promised by Joel to occur, Israel will have to experience the judgments of the Tribulation and the outpouring of the Spirit of God. It is this combination that will cause them to return to the Lord.

    KEY WORD:

    The key word or words, in keeping with the warnings of the book, is the Day of Yahweh.

    KEY VERSES:

    Joel 2:1 NKJV Blow the trumpet in Zion, And sound an alarm in My holy mountain! Let all the inhabitants of the land tremble; For the day of the LORD is coming, For it is at hand:

    Joel 2:25 NKJV “So I will restore to you the years that the swarming locust has eaten, The crawling locust, The consuming locust, And the chewing locust, My great army which I sent among you.

    Joel 2:28-32 NKJV “And it shall come to pass afterward That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your old men shall dream dreams, Your young men shall see visions. (29) And also on My menservants and on My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days. (30) “And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth: Blood and fire and pillars of smoke. (31) The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the coming of the great and awesome day of the LORD. (32) And it shall come to pass That whoever calls on the name of the LORD Shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be deliverance, As the LORD has said, Among the remnant whom the LORD calls.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN JOEL:

    In Joel, Christ is presented as the one who will give the Holy Spirit (cf. 2:28 with John 16:7-15; Acts 1:8), who judges the nations (3:2, 12), and who is the refuge and stronghold of Israel (3:16).

    AMOS

    AUTHOR:

    Unlike Isaiah (who was a man of the court) and Jeremiah (who was a priest) this book was written by Amos, a herdsman and a tender of sycamore fruit (1:1; 7:14). He was from Tekoa, which was located near Bethlehem about ten miles south of Jerusalem. That Amos is the author is supported not only from the claim of the book (1:1; 7:14), but from the pastoral language (7:10f), and the contents which demonstrated his knowledge of an out-of-doors way of life (see 3:4-5, 12; 5:8, 9; 9:9). Though he was a farmer and rancher he was very familiar with the Word of God.

    DATE: About 760 B.C.

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The name Amos comes from the Hebrew áa„mas, “to lift a burden, carry.” His name means “burden” or “Burden-bearer,” which is entirely fitting for the burden given to him. Though from Judah rather than the Northern Kingdom of Israel, he was given the burden of carrying a message of warning against the greed, injustice, externalism, and self-righteousness of the Northern Kingdom. Amos should not be confused with Amoz, the father of Isaiah (Isa. 1:1).

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The divine message given to Amos was primarily one of judgment, though it ends with words of hope. Amos warned that the Lord God, the sovereign Ruler of the universe, would come as a Warrior to judge the nations that had rebelled against His authority. Israel in particular would be punished for her violations against God’s covenant. Amos sought to bring the prosperous and materialistic northern tribes under Jeroboam to repentance as the only escape from imminent judgment. In the process, the book demonstrates God’s hatred of evil because of His holiness and that His justice must act against Israel’s sin for He cannot allow it to go unpunished.

    However, even though the nation would be destroyed, God would still preserve a repentant remnant and one day this remnant would be restored to their covenant blessing and political prominence when the Lord would then also draw all nations to His Himself.

    KEY WORDS:

    The words “transgress” and “transgression” occur 12 times. This highlights one of the key elements of the book, the judgment of God on Israel for her sinful ways. A key phrase of the book is “I will not revoke its punishment because . . .” (see 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1, 4, 6).

    KEY VERSES:

    Amos 9:11-13 NKJV “On that day I will raise up The tabernacle of David, which has fallen down, And repair its damages; I will raise up its ruins, And rebuild it as in the days of old; (12) That they may possess the remnant of Edom, And all the Gentiles who are called by My name,” Says the LORD who does this thing. (13) “Behold, the days are coming,” says the LORD, “When the plowman shall overtake the reaper, And the treader of grapes him who sows seed; The mountains shall drip with sweet wine, And all the hills shall flow with it.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN AMOS:

    Amos presents Christ as the One who will rebuild David’s dynasty (9:11) and as the one who will restore His people (9:11-15).

    OBADIAH

    AUTHOR:

    The author is an unknown prophet of Judah by the name of Obadiah (1:1). A number of Old Testament men were named Obadiah. These include an officer in David’s army (1 Chron. 12:9), Ahab’s servant who hid God’s prophets (1 Kings 18:3), a Levite in the days of Josiah (2 Chron. 34:12), and a leader who returned from the Exile with Ezra (Ezra 8:9). Nothing is known of Obadiah’s home town or family. The fact that his father is not named suggests that he was not out of a kingly or priestly line.

    DATE: 840 BC

    The shortest book of the Bible, containing only 21 verses, bears the distinction of being the most difficult of the minor prophets to date.

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The Hebrew name of Obadiah means “servant or worshipper of Yahweh.”

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The theme of Obadiah is a reiteration of the truth that pride goes before a fall. Obadiah declares that Edom stands judged and under certain doom because of her pride in rejoicing over the misfortunes that befell Jerusalem. The Edomites rejoiced greatly when Nebuchadnezzar captured and destroyed Jerusalem.

    Genesis 12:3 NKJV I will bless those who bless you, And I will curse him who curses you; And in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”

    KEY VERSES:

    Obadiah 1:10 NKJV “For violence against your brother Jacob, Shame shall cover you, And you shall be cut off forever.

    Obadiah 1:15 NKJV “For the day of the LORD upon all the nations is near; As you have done, it shall be done to you; Your reprisal shall return upon your own head.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN OBADIAH:

    Christ is seen in Obadiah as the judge of the nations (15-16), the Savior of Israel (17-20), and the Possessor of the kingdom (21).77

    JONAH (Fleeing From God’s Will)

    AUTHOR:

    The author of the book is Jonah, the son of Amittai, a prophet from Galilee in the Northern Kingdom of Israel. This is evidenced by the book itself (1:1), the historical character of the book which names real places and persons, and by corroboration from other sources (2 Kings 14:25) including the testimony of Jesus in the New Testament (Matt. 12:40).

    DATE: 780-750 BC

    In 2 Kings 14:27 Jonah is connected with the reign of Jeroboam II of Israel (793-753). Jonah ministered after the time of Elisha and just before the time of Amos and Hosea. While no Assyrian inscription mentions a religious awakening such as that described in Jonah, during the reign of Ashurdan III there was a swing toward monotheism which could have been related to the preaching of Jonah.

    The repentance of Nineveh probably occurred in the reign of Ashurdan III (773-755). Two plagues (765 and 759) and a solar eclipse (763) may have prepared the people for Jonah’s message.78

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Jonah is from the Hebrew Yo‚na‚h, which means “dove.” The Septuagint Hellenized this word into Ionas, and the Latin Vulgate used the title Jonas.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Jonah clearly demonstrates that the God of the Hebrews (1) has concern for the whole world, (2) is sovereign over nature and all human affairs. Jonah demonstrates that “salvation is of the Lord” (2:9), and that God’s gracious offer of salvation extends to all who repent and turn to Him. The book also demonstrates how our prejudices like Jonah’s warped sense of Jewish nationalism can hinder us from following the will of God.

    KEY WORD:

    A word that is repeated several times emphasizing God’s sovereignty is the word “prepared.” God prepared the wind, tempest, fish, gourd, worm, and an east wind. A key idea is revival.

    KEY VERSES:

    Jonah 2:1-10 NIV From inside the fish Jonah prayed to the LORD his God. (2) He said: “In my distress I called to the LORD, and he answered me. From deep in the realm of the dead I called for help, and you listened to my cry. (3) You hurled me into the depths, into the very heart of the seas, and the currents swirled about me; all your waves and breakers swept over me. (4) I said, ‘I have been banished from your sight; yet I will look again toward your holy temple.’ (5) The engulfing waters threatened me, the deep surrounded me; seaweed was wrapped around my head. (6) To the roots of the mountains I sank down; the earth beneath barred me in forever. But you, LORD my God, brought my life up from the pit. (7) “When my life was ebbing away, I remembered you, LORD, and my prayer rose to you, to your holy temple. (8) “Those who cling to worthless idols turn away from God’s love for them. (9) But I, with shouts of grateful praise, will sacrifice to you. What I have vowed I will make good. I will say, ‘Salvation comes from the LORD.’” (10) And the LORD commanded the fish, and it vomited Jonah onto dry land.

    Jonah 3:10 NIV When God saw what they did and how they turned from their evil ways, he relented and did not bring on them the destruction he had threatened.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN JONAH:

    Through Jonah, Christ is portrayed in His resurrection (Matt. 12:40), seen as a prophet to the nations (though obviously not reluctantly like Jonah), and as the Savior of the nations. In Jonah’s life, He is seen as the Savior and Lord (2:9).

    Matthew 12:39-40 NKJV But He answered and said to them, “An evil and adulterous generation seeks after a sign, and no sign will be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. (40) For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.

    MICAH (Who Is Like God?)

    AUTHOR:

    Little is known about the author of this book other than what can be learned from the book itself and from Jeremiah 26:18. Micah suggests this truth in 7:18 when he said, “Who is a God like You?” In Jeremiah’s day the elders referred to Micah and quoted Micah 3:12 in defense of Jeremiah’s message of judgment on the nation (Jer. 26:18).

    Micah was from Moresheth (Micah 1:1; cf. 1:14), a town in Judea about 25 miles southwest of Jerusalem near the Philistine city of Gath. Moresheth was located in Judah’s fertile foothills near Lachish, an international trading town.

    DATE: 740 – 690 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The name Micah is a shortened form of Micaiah, which means “Who is like Yahweh?”

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Micah shows how the people had failed to live up to the covenant stipulations God had made with Israel in which there would be blessing for obedience (Deut. 28:1-14) and cursing for disobedience and eventually cast from the land of promise (Deut. 28:15-68). He indicts Israel and Judah for sins like oppression, bribery among the judges, prophets, and priests, and for covetousness, cheating, pride, and violence. Of course, this discipline on the nation demonstrated His love for them and that He would restore them.

    The theme of judgment is prominent in each of Micah’s three messages, but he also stressed the truth of restoration. Further, Micah referred to the principle of the remnant in each of his three messages (Micah 2:12; 4:7; 5:7-8; 7:18). He declared that in the future Yahweh would restore the people of Israel to a place of prominence in the world under the coming Messiah.

    KEY VERSES:

    Micah 7:18-20 NKJV Who is a God like You, Pardoning iniquity And passing over the transgression of the remnant of His heritage? He does not retain His anger forever, Because He delights in mercy. (19) He will again have compassion on us, And will subdue our iniquities. You will cast all our sins Into the depths of the sea. (20) You will give truth to Jacob And mercy to Abraham, Which You have sworn to our fathers From days of old.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN MICAH:

    Micah presents Christ as the God of Jacob (4:2), the Judge of the nations (4:3), and the Ruler who would be born in the city of Bethlehem (cf. 5:2 with Matt. 2:1-6). The priests and scribes quoted Micah 5:2 in answer to Herod’s question about the birthplace of Messiah.

    NAHUM (The Doom of Nineveh)

    AUTHOR:

    Other than what Nahum tells us in 1:1, that the book is of the vision of Nahum, the Elkoshite and that it is an oracle about Nineveh, we know nothing about this prophet. Nahum means “consolation,” but his message was certainly not one of comfort to the wicked Assyrians who occupied Nineveh.

    DATE: 630 – 612 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    As with all the minor prophets, the book gets it name from the prophet who spoke the prophecy. The title used in the Greek and Latin Bible is Naoum and Nahum.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The theme of this book is the coming destruction of Nineveh because after the repented following the message from the Prophet Jonah, they repented again of the repentance.

    KEY WORD:

    The key word or idea is simply the judgment of Nineveh, but the words that stand out in this connection are “avenging” and “vengeance” occurring three times in the opening chapter (1:2).

    HABAKKUK (Solution to Perplexity)

    AUTHOR:

    The author is identified as Habakkuk in 1:1 and 3:1. He clearly identifies himself as a prophet and the fact that his prayer and praise is concluded with the statement, “For the choir director, on my stringed instruments” suggests he had a priestly background.

    DATE: 606 – 604 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The book gets its title from the name of the author. Habakkuk comes from a Hebrew word, which means “embrace.”

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The theme of this prophecy flows out of Habakkuk’s perplexity over the coming invasion of the wicked Babylonians. It concerns the problems of his faith in the face of two apparent difficulties: (1) Why did God permit the increasing evil in Judah to go unpunished (1:2-4)? And how could a Holy God (1:13) use sinful nations like Babylon as His source of judgment (1:12-2:1)? Habakkuk grapples with these difficulties which are solved in the light of God’s continuing revelation, and the prophet closes in a psalm of joyous trust. The book is thus a theodicy, a defense of God’s goodness and power in view of the problem of evil.

    KEY WORD:

    Two words are key not because of their repetition but because of the content of the book. One is “why” as Habakkuk struggled with the issues here and the other is “faith” as declared in 2:4, “the just shall live by faith.”

    KEY VERSES:

    Habakkuk 3:17-19 NKJV Though the fig tree may not blossom, Nor fruit be on the vines; Though the labor of the olive may fail, And the fields yield no food; Though the flock may be cut off from the fold, And there be no herd in the stalls– (18) Yet I will rejoice in the LORD, I will joy in the God of my salvation. (19) The LORD God is my strength; He will make my feet like deer’s feet, And He will make me walk on my high hills. To the Chief Musician. With my stringed instruments.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN HABAKKUK:

    Habakkuk 2:14 NKJV For the earth will be filled With the knowledge of the glory of the LORD, As the waters cover the sea.

    ZEPHANIAH (Blessing Through Judgment)

    AUTHOR:

    As seen in 1:1, the book was written by Zephaniah, the son of Cushi, son of Gedaliah, son of Amariah, son of Hezekiah. In tracing the prophet’s ancestry through four generations, this heading is unique. Usually only the prophet’s father is identified (cf. Isa. 1:1; Jer. 1:1; Ezek. 1:3; Hos. 1:1; Joel 1:1) when the author provides genealogical information. Such a long genealogy suggests the noble birth of the prophet, his great-great-grandfather being the good King Hezekiah.

    DATE: 630-625 B.C.

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The book takes its name from the prophet Zephaniah It means “hidden of Yahweh.” See 2:3. The Greek and Latin title is Sophonias.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Zephaniah clearly divides into three sections: retribution or judgment for sin, a call for repentance, and a promise of future redemption or blessing.

    KEY WORD:

    The key words are “day of the Lord,” “that day,” the day,” which combined occur some twenty times. The key idea is that of judgment and restoration in the day of the Lord.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN ZEPHANIAH:

    Though not specifically mentioned in this book, Messiah is presented as the Righteous One within the nation of Israel (3:5) who is also their King (3:15).

    HAGGAI (Encouragement)

    With Haggai, we come to the only three post-exilic prophets, Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi, all of whom spoke to the returned remnant. Their objective was to encourage their spiritual and moral life of this remnant, now back in their home land, as they sought to rebuild the temple and the nation. Haggai and Zechariah dealt mostly with the spiritual needs as they related to the rebuilding of the temple and Malachi dealt primarily with the moral and social needs involved with the reconstruction of the nation itself.

    AUTHOR:

    Haggai is known only from this book (mentioned 9 times) and the mention of him in Ezra 5:1-2 and 6:14. Little is known about him. He refers to himself as “the prophet Haggai” (1:1), but nothing is known about his parents or genealogy. He was a contemporary of Zechariah the prophet and Zerubbabel the governor. His authorship is uncontested.

    DATE: 520 B.C.

    As stated by Haggai in 1:1, his first message was given on the first day of Elul (Aug.-Sept.) in the second year of Darius. This was in 520 B.C.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Haggai wrote to encourage and exhort the returned remnant to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. In the process of this he taught (1) God blesses His people when they put Him first, (2) that we should not grow weary in the service of the Lord, and that (3) God’s promises for tomorrow become the foundation for our confidence for today.

    KEY WORDS:

    The repetition of the term “house” as it is used in relation to the Temple focuses the readers attention on the reconstruction of the Temple as the key focus of the book.

    KEY VERSES:

    Haggai 1:7-8 NKJV Thus says the LORD of hosts: “Consider your ways! (8) Go up to the mountains and bring wood and build the temple, that I may take pleasure in it and be glorified,” says the LORD.

    Haggai 2:6-9 NKJV “For thus says the LORD of hosts: ‘Once more (it is a little while) I will shake heaven and earth, the sea and dry land; (7) and I will shake all nations, and they shall come to the Desire of All Nations, and I will fill this temple with glory,’ says the LORD of hosts. (8) ‘The silver is Mine, and the gold is Mine,’ says the LORD of hosts. (9) ‘The glory of this latter temple shall be greater than the former,’ says the LORD of hosts. ‘And in this place I will give peace,’ says the LORD of hosts.”

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN HAGGAI:

    Here Messiah is portrayed as the Restorer of the Temple’s glory (2:7-9) and the Overthrower of the kingdoms of the world (2:22).

    ZECHARIAH (the Jealousy of Yahweh)

    AUTHOR AND TITLE:

    Zechariah the prophet was the son of Berechiah, the son of Iddo, the priest who led the Levites (Neh. 12:4), and a contemporary of the previous prophet (Ezra 6:14). His name (Zekarya‚h) means “Yahweh remembers” or “Yahweh has remembered.” This is a theme that runs like a thread through the whole book. In the Greek and Latin version Zechariah is Zacharias. Also a contemporary of Haggai.

    DATE: 520-515 B.C.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Zechariah was written to encourage the returned remnant to complete their work in rebuilding the temple. The prophet also showed that God was at work in the world restoring Israel to their spiritual inheritance in preparation for the coming Messiah. Doctrinally, Zechariah demonstrates the prominence of the temple in God’s spiritual restoration of Israel; shows the providence of God in bringing back His people to their land, and it highlights the preeminence of the Messiah in the future spiritual restoration of the Nation.

    KEY VERSES:

    Zechariah 8:3 NKJV “Thus says the LORD: ‘I will return to Zion, And dwell in the midst of Jerusalem. Jerusalem shall be called the City of Truth, The Mountain of the LORD of hosts, The Holy Mountain.’

    Zechariah 9:9-10 NKJV Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your king is coming to you; He is just and endowed with salvation, Humble, and mounted on a donkey, Even on a colt, the foal of a donkey. And I will cut off the chariot from Ephraim, And the horse from Jerusalem; And the bow of war will be cut off. And He will speak peace to the nations; And His dominion will be from sea to sea, And from the River to the ends of the earth.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN ZECHARIAH:

    Zechariah presents Messiah or Christ in both of his advents and as both Servant and King, as Man and God, as the Angel of the Lord (3:1), the Righteous Branch (3:8), the Stone with the seven eyes (3:9), the Crucified Savior or the pierced One (12:10), the coming and humble King (9:9-10), the smitten Shepherd who will be abandoned (13:7), and the coming Judge and righteous King (14).

    MALACHI (Repent and Return)

    AUTHOR AND TITLE:

    Malachi is only mentioned in Malachi 1:1 as the author of this prophecy. The Septuagint has Malachias and the Latin uses Maleachi for the title.

    DATE: 450-400 B.C.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Malachi wrote to answer the questions of the priests and people, to reveal and rebuke them for their sins, their backsliding, and poor attitudes, but to also encourage them by ending on a note of encouragement through the coming of the Lord’s messenger who would clear the way for Messiah. Thus, Malachi rebuked the people for their neglect of the true worship of the Lord and called them to repentance (1:6; 3:7).

    KEY WORD:

    Twelve times in Malachi we read either “you say” (11 times) or “you also say” (once). Also, the word curse or cursed occurs seven times in four verses. In answer to their questions and their failure to understand God’s judgment, Malachi answers and shows them why. The key idea that prevails is Malachi’s answer and appeal to the wayward remnant that had returned.

    KEY VERSES:

    Malachi 3:6-7 NKJV “For I am the LORD, I do not change; Therefore you are not consumed, O sons of Jacob. (7) Yet from the days of your fathers You have gone away from My ordinances And have not kept them. Return to Me, and I will return to you,” Says the LORD of hosts. “But you said, ‘In what way shall we return?’

    The Book of Malachi is the prelude to four hundred years of prophetic silence, broken finally by the words of the next prophet, John the Baptist: “Behold! The Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world!” (John 1:29).

    Malachi 3:1 NKJV “Behold, I send My messenger, And he will prepare the way before Me. And the Lord, whom you seek, Will suddenly come to His temple, Even the Messenger of the covenant, In whom you delight. Behold, He is coming,” Says the LORD of hosts.

  • Bible Overview – Part 6

    Bible Overview – Part 6

    A special thanks to Bible.org for this Old Testament Survey. It can be found in its entirety here:
    https://bible.org/seriespage/introduction-old-testament-survey

    Also, content from Through the Bible Book by Book Volumes I and II by Myer Pearlman was used in this study.

    The Prophets of Israel Viewed as a Whole
     THEIR DESIGNATION

    The first division of the Old Testament was known as the Law with the second being called the Former Prophets, but these included four books which have already been outlined—Joshua, Judges, Samuel, and Kings. Though these books deal with the history of Israel, they were composed from a prophetic viewpoint and possibly even the authors themselves may have been prophets by profession.

    The seventeen books considered in this section were classified in the Hebrew Bible as the Latter Prophets. The term ‘latter’ speaks primarily of their place in the canon rather than of their chronological position. These prophets are sometimes called the writing prophets because their authors wrote or recorded their utterances.

    There were other oral prophets like Nathan, Ahijah, Iddo, Jehu, Elijah, Elisha, Oded, Shemaiah, Azariah, Hanani, Jahaziel, and Huldah who left no records of their utterances. Mostly because of their size, the Latter Prophets are subdivided into the Major Prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel), and the twelve Minor Prophets.

    Lamentations will also be dealt with here because of its place in the English Bible, though in the Hebrew Bible it is among the five rolls or megilloth, the shorter books, which were brief enough to be read publicly on anniversaries.

    THEIR DESCRIPTION

    The authors of these books were described or referred to by a number of terms due to the nature of their ministry and calling. They were called prophets, seers, watchmen, men of God, messengers, and servants of the Lord.

    Unger writes:

    According to I Samuel 9:9 the prophet was in earlier Israel commonly called a ro’eh, that is one who perceives that which does not lie I the realm of natural sight or hearing. Another early designation of similar etymology was a hozeh “one who sees supernaturally” and is “one who is in the state of announcing a message which has been given to him” (by God).51

    As can be seen from Unger’s comments, a certain amount of uncertainty exists regarding the exact meaning of the word “prophet.” The word prophet is from the Hebrew ayb]n* (nabi). The deviration of this word is a matter of controversy, but the essential idea in the word is that of an authorized spokesman.

    THEIR DIRECTIVE OR MESSAGE

    As a mouthpiece or spokesman for God, the prophet’s primary duty was to speak forth God’s message to God’s people in the historical context of what was happening among God’s people. The broadest meaning is that of forthtelling; the narrower meaning is that of foretelling. In the process of proclaiming God’s message, the prophet would sometimes reveal that which pertained to the future, but, contrary to popular opinion, this was only a small part of the prophets message. Forthtelling involved insight into the will of God; it was exhortative, challenging men to obey. On the other hand, foretelling entailed foresight into the plan of God; it was predictive, either encouraging the righteous in view of God’s promises or warning in view of coming judgment. So the prophet was the divinely chosen spokesman who, having received God’s message, proclaimed it in oral, visual, or written form to the people. For this reason, a common formula used by the prophets was, “Thus says the Lord.”

    As God’s spokesman, their message can be seen in a three-fold function they had among the people of God in the Old Testament:

    1. First, they functioned as preachers who expounded and interpreted the Mosaic law to the nation. It was their duty to admonish, reprove, denounce sin, threaten with the terrors of judgment, call to repentance, and bring consolation and pardon. Their activity of rebuking sin and calling for repentance consumed far more of the prophets’ time than any other feature of their work. The rebuke was driven home with predictions about the punishment that God intended to send on those failing to heed the prophet’s warning (cf. Jonah 3:4). 
    1. Second, they functioned as predictors who announced coming judgment, deliverance, and events relating to the Messiah and His kingdom. Predicting the future was never intended merely to satisfy man’s curiosity, but was designed to demonstrate that God knows and controls the future, and to give purposeful revelation. The prediction given by a true prophet would be visibly fulfilled. The failure of the prediction to be fulfilled would indicate that the prophet had not spoken the word of Yahweh (cf.  18:20-22). In 1 Samuel 3:19 it is said of Samuel that the Lord was with him and let none of his prophetic words fail (lit., “fall to the ground”). 
    1. Finally, they functioned as watchmen over the people of Israel ( 3:17). Ezekiel stood as a watchman on the walls of Zion ready to trumpet a warning against religious apostasy. He warned the people against political and military alliances with foreign powers, the temptation to become involved in idolatry and Canaanite cultic worship, and the danger of placing excessive confidence in religious formalism and sacrificial ritual. 
    Comparison of the Four Major Prophets
    Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel Daniel
    Prophesied To: Jews in Judea Jews in Judea and captivity Jews captive in Babylon Jews captive in Babylon and Gentile kings
    Concerning: Judah and Jerusalem
    (Isa. 1:1; 2:1)
    Judah and Nations (Jer. 1:5, 9-10; 2:1-2) The whole house of Israel
    (Ezek. 2:3-6; 3:4-10, 17)
    Israel and Gentile Nations
    (Dan. 2:36ff; 9)
    During the reigns of: Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah (kings of Judah) Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, Zedekiah
    (kings of Judah)
    Zedekiah
    (king of Judah);Nebuchadnezzar
    (king of Babylon)
    Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, Zedekiah
    (kings of Judah).Nebuchadnezzar
    (king of Babylon
    Dates: 740-680 B.C. 627-585 B.C. 592-570 B.C. 605-536 B.C.
    Historical
    Setting:
    2 Kings 15-21;
    2 Chronicles 26-30
    2 Kings 22-25 Daniel 1-6 Daniel 1-6

     

    ISAIAH (The Salvation of Yahweh) 

    AUTHOR:

    Isaiah – An old tradition relates that he was martyred at some time in the reign of Manasseh, possibly by being sawed in two inside a hollow log (d. Heb. 11:37). 

    DATE: 740–680 B.C.

    Isaiah had a very long ministry that ranged from around 740 to 680. His ministry began near the end of the reign of Uzziah (790-739 B.C.) and continued through the reigns of Jotham (739-731 B.C.), Ahaz (731-715 B.C.), and Hezekiah (715-686 B.C.). From the standpoint of Gentile rulers of the time, Isaiah ministered from the time of Tiglath-pileser (745-727 B.C.) to the time of Sennacherib (705-681 B.C.) of Assyria.

    He outdated Hezekiah by a few years because chapter 37, verse 38, records the death of Sennacherib in 681 B.C. Hezekiah was succeeded by his wicked son Manasseh who overthrew the worship of Yahweh and no doubt opposed the work of Isaiah.59

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The title, Isaiah, is obviously taken from the name of the human author who, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, composed it. The Hebrew name of this prophet means Yahweh is salvation, which appropriately, is an excellent summary of the theme and contents of the book. 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    As just mentioned, Isaiah’s name provides the theme of the book, “salvation is of Yahweh.” This is most evident by the fact the term “salvation” occurs some twenty-six times in Isaiah but only seven time in all the other prophets combined. Because of this, Isaiah has been called “the evangelical prophet” because he says so much about the salvation and redemptive work of Messiah. In fact, more is said about the person and work of Messiah in His first and second advents than in any other Old Testament book.

    In some respects, Isaiah is a miniature Bible. It has sixty-six chapters while the Bible has sixty-six books. The first thirty-nine chapters of Isaiah correspond to the thirty-nine books of the Old Testament which largely anticipate the coming of Messiah. The last twenty-seven chapters of Isaiah neatly parallel the twenty-seven chapters of the New Testament because they speak a great deal about Messiah and His Kingdom as the Servant of the Lord. Chapters 1-39 speak of man’s great need of salvation while chapters 40-66 reveal God’s provision of Salvation in Messiah and His kingdom.

    KEY WORD:

    Again in keeping with the theme and Isaiah’s name, the key word is salvation. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Isaiah 7:14 NKJV Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a Son, and shall call His name Immanuel.

    Isaiah 9:6-7 NKJV For unto us a Child is born, Unto us a Son is given; And the government will be upon His shoulder. And His name will be called Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. (7) Of the increase of His government and peace There will be no end, Upon the throne of David and over His kingdom, To order it and establish it with judgment and justice From that time forward, even forever. The zeal of the Lord of hosts will perform this.

    Isaiah 53:1-7 NKJV Who has believed our report? And to whom has the arm of the LORD been revealed? (2) For He shall grow up before Him as a tender plant, And as a root out of dry ground. He has no form or comeliness; And when we see Him, There is no beauty that we should desire Him. (3) He is despised and rejected by men, A Man of sorrows and acquainted with grief. And we hid, as it were, our faces from Him; He was despised, and we did not esteem Him. (4) Surely He has borne our griefs And carried our sorrows; Yet we esteemed Him stricken, Smitten by God, and afflicted. (5) But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities; The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, And by His stripes we are healed. (6) All we like sheep have gone astray; We have turned, every one, to his own way; And the LORD has laid on Him the iniquity of us all. (7) He was oppressed and He was afflicted, Yet He opened not His mouth; He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, And as a sheep before its shearers is silent, So He opened not His mouth.

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    Chapter 53: With a book so full of rich truth and Messianic anticipation, deciding of a key chapter is not easy, but surely Isaiah 53 which points to Messiah as a suffering Savior who must die for our sin, is the most remarkable and key chapters of the Old Testament. 

    KEY PEOPLE:

    Isaiah the prophet is the key human personage, but Yahweh by the way He is focused on as the Mighty One of Israel, as the Holy One of Israel, and as the Lord God of Hosts, is clearly the chief focus of Isaiah’s book. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN ISAIAH:

    No book of the Old Testament presents a portrait of Christ that is as complete and comprehensive as does Isaiah. Isaiah portrays Messiah in His sovereignty above (6:1f), birth and humanity (7:14; 9:6; 11:1), in His ministry by the Spirit (11:2f), His divine nature (7:14; 9:6); His Davidic descent (11:1); His work of redemption as our substitute (53), His ministry as the Servant Savior (49ff), and much more.

    JEREMIAH (Warnings Against Sin and Judgment)

    AUTHOR:

    As with Isaiah, this book clearly identifies the human author who is Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah from the priest city of Anathoth in the land of Benjamin (1:1). Jeremiah dictated his prophecies to Baruch, his secretary. Only chapter 52 was not written by the prophet. Jeremiah is often called the “weeping prophet” (9:1; 13:17) or the “prophet of loneliness” perhaps because he was commanded not to marry (16:2). He is also known as the reluctant prophet (1:6), but he faithfully proclaimed God’s judgments on an apostate Judah even though he experienced opposition, beatings, and imprisonment (11:18-23; 12:6; 18:18; 20:1-3; 26:1-24; 37:11-38:28). 

    DATE: 627-585 B.C.

    Jeremiah was a contemporary of Zephaniah, Habakkuk, Daniel, and Ezekiel. His prophetic ministry began in 626 B.C. and ended sometime after 586. His ministry was immediately preceded by that of Zephaniah. Since Ezekiel began his ministry in Babylon in 593 he too was a late contemporary of this great prophet in Jerusalem. How and when Jeremiah died is unknown though Jewish tradition asserts that Jeremiah was put to death while living in Egypt (cf. Heb 11:37). 

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The meaning of his name is uncertain. Suggestions include “The LORD exalts” and “The LORD establishes,” but a more likely proposal is “The LORD throws,” either in the sense of “hurling” the prophet into a hostile world or of “throwing down” the nations in divine judgment for their sins.62

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Two themes are prominent: warnings of God’s judgment against sin are prominent throughout the book, but with that there was also the message of hope and restoration if the nation would genuinely repent.

    As hinted earlier, an aura of conflict surrounded Jeremiah almost from the beginning. He lashed out against the sins of his countrymen (44:23), scoring them severely for their idolatry (16:10-13, 20; 22:9; 32:29; 44:2-3, 8, 17-19, 25)—which sometimes even involved sacrificing their children to foreign gods (7:30-34). But Jeremiah loved the people of Judah in spite of their sins, and he prayed for them (14:7, 20) even when the Lord told him not to (7:16; 11:14; 14:11).63

    KEY WORDS OR IDEAS:

    Judah’s last hour in view of backsliding and unfaithfulness. There are more references to Babylon in Jeremiah (164) than in all the rest of the Bible together. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Jeremiah 1:4-10 NKJV Then the word of the LORD came to me, saying: (5) “Before I formed you in the womb I knew you; Before you were born I sanctified you; I ordained you a prophet to the nations.” (6) Then said I: “Ah, Lord GOD! Behold, I cannot speak, for I am a youth.” (7) But the LORD said to me: “Do not say, ‘I am a youth,’ For you shall go to all to whom I send you, And whatever I command you, you shall speak. (8) Do not be afraid of their faces, For I am with you to deliver you,” says the LORD. (9) Then the LORD put forth His hand and touched my mouth, and the LORD said to me: “Behold, I have put My words in your mouth. (10) See, I have this day set you over the nations and over the kingdoms, To root out and to pull down, To destroy and to throw down, To build and to plant.”

    Jeremiah 7:23-24 NKJV But this is what I commanded them, saying, ‘Obey My voice, and I will be your God, and you shall be My people. And walk in all the ways that I have commanded you, that it may be well with you.’ (24) Yet they did not obey or incline their ear, but followed the counsels and the dictates of their evil hearts, and went backward and not forward. 

    KEY PEOPLE:

    The key person throughout is of course Jeremiah, his preaching, resistance, and persecution.

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN JEREMIAH:

    Many pictures of Christ are seen in Jeremiah: He is portrayed as the fountain of living waters (2:13; cf. John 4:14), the balm of Gilead (8:22), the Good Shepherd (23:4), a Righteous Branch (23:5), and the Lord our Righteousness (23:6). He is seen as the one who will bring in the New Covenant (31:31-34). 

    LAMENTATIONS (A River of Tears)

    AUTHOR:

    The author of Lamentations is unnamed in the book, but two lines of evidence favor Jeremiah as the author. 

    DATE: 586 or 585 B.C.

    Since the book was written soon after Jerusalem’s destruction which was completed in 586, the earliest possible date for the book is 586 B.C. The graphic immediacy of Lamentations argues for a date shortly after this like 586 or 585 B.C. 

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Because of its subject matter, the book is also referred to in Jewish tradition as qinot,“Lamentations,” which is the title given to it in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate. 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The primary theme of the book is a lament or mourning over the woes that had fallen on sinful Judah and the pitiable destruction of the holy city and the temple. 

    KEY WORD:

    In view of the theme and nature of the book, the key word is mourning or lamentations. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Lamentations 3:21-25 NKJV (21) This I recall to my mind, Therefore I have hope. (22) Through the LORD’s mercies we are not consumed, Because His compassions fail not. (23) They are new every morning; Great is Your faithfulness. (24) “The LORD is my portion,” says my soul, “Therefore I hope in Him!” (25) The LORD is good to those who wait for Him, To the soul who seeks Him.

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    Surely chapter 3 stands as a pinnacle in the midst of the other chapters of ruin and destruction for here the author expresses his faith and hope in God’s mercy who will not reject His people forever. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN LAMENTATIONS:

    Lamentations includes two elements that portray the Savior: (1) It portrays Him as the Man of Sorrows who was acquainted with grief, who was afflicted, despised, and scorned by His enemies (cf. 1:12; 3:19: 2:15-16; 3:14, 30). (2) Jeremiah’s weeping over the destruction of Jerusalem is perhaps also a picture of Christ who wept over Jerusalem (see Matt. 23:37-38). 

    EZEKIEL (They Shall Know That I Am Yahweh) 

    AUTHOR:

    The author is Ezekiel the priest, son of Buzi, who received his call as a prophet while in exile in Babylon (1:1-3). His ministry as a prophet demonstrates a priestly focus with his concern for the temple, priesthood, sacrifices, and the shekinah glory of God. What is known of Ezekiel is derived entirely from the book of Ezekiel itself. He was married (see 24:15-18), lived in a house of his own (cf. 3:24; 8:1) and, along with his fellow exiles, had a relatively free existence. 

    DATE: 593-571 B.C.
    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    As with Isaiah and Jeremiah, the book of Ezekiel gets its name from its author, Ezekiel, which is the Hebrew yehezkeál and means “God strengthens” or “strengthened by God.” 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Ezekiel’s focus is on condemnation (1-32) for Israel’s sin and consolation (33-48) in view of what God will do in the future. Archer summarize the theme:

    KEY WORD:

    While the key concept may be found in the word “restoration,” the words “shall know that I am the Lord” occurs some 63 times. Other distinctive phrases that are repeated are “the word of the Lord came” (50 times), and “glory of the Lord” (10 times). 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Ezekiel 36:24-30 NKJV For I will take you from among the nations, gather you out of all countries, and bring you into your own land. (25) Then I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean; I will cleanse you from all your filthiness and from all your idols. (26) I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; I will take the heart of stone out of your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. (27) I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will keep My judgments and do them. (28) Then you shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers; you shall be My people, and I will be your God. (29) I will deliver you from all your uncleannesses. I will call for the grain and multiply it, and bring no famine upon you. (30) And I will multiply the fruit of your trees and the increase of your fields, so that you need never again bear the reproach of famine among the nations.

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    Chapters 36-37 speak of the blessings that will come to the mountains of Israel followed by the hope of restoration of Israel in the vision of the valley of dry bones, which outlines the clear process of restoration of Israel’s future.

    Chapters 38-39 anticipate the great global conflict that will occur on the mountains of Israel but with Israel’s enemies defeated by God. 

    KEY PEOPLE:

    Ezekiel, son of Busi, a priest called to be prophet to Israel before and after the Babylonian captivity. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN EZEKIEL:

    Christ, the Messiah, is pictured as a tender sprig that will be planted on a high and lofty mountain (17:23-24), a picture similar to that of the Branch in Isaiah (11:1), in Jeremiah (23:5; 33:15), and in Zechariah (3:8: 6:12). Ezekiel also speaks of Messiah as the King who has the right to rule (21:26-27) and who will minister as the true Shepherd (34:11-31). 

    DANIEL (Israel’s Ultimate Destiny)

    AUTHOR:

    While a youth, Daniel was taken as a captive to Babylon in 605 B.C. by Nebuchadnezzar. There he became a statesman in the court of Nebuchadnezzar and Darius. Though he did not occupy the office of a prophet, Christ identified him as a prophet (Matt. 24:15; Mark 13:14). As one who did not occupy the prophetic office, the book of Daniel is found in “the Writings,” the third division of the Hebrew Bible rather than in “the Prophets.” 

    DATE: 537 B.C.
    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The book is named after its author. The Hebrew word for Daniel is Daniyyeál or Daniáel, which means either “God is Judge” or “God is my Judge.” The Greek form Daniel in the Septuagint is the basis for the Latin and English titles. 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The theme of Daniel is God’s sovereign power as the one true God, who judges and destroys the rebellious world powers and will faithfully deliver His covenant people according to their steadfast faith in Him.

    KEY WORD:

    Though the words “king” and “kingdom” occur over and over again, the key idea is the plan of God for Israel which will end in the establishment of God’s Messiah King as ruler on the earth. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Daniel 2:20-21 NKJV Daniel answered and said: “Blessed be the name of God forever and ever, For wisdom and might are His. (21) And He changes the times and the seasons; He removes kings and raises up kings; He gives wisdom to the wise And knowledge to those who have understanding.

    Daniel 2:44 NKJV And in the days of these kings the God of heaven will set up a kingdom which shall never be destroyed; and the kingdom shall not be left to other people; it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand forever.

    Daniel 7:13-14 NKJV “I was watching in the night visions, And behold, One like the Son of Man, Coming with the clouds of heaven! He came to the Ancient of Days, And they brought Him near before Him. (14) Then to Him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, That all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion, Which shall not pass away, And His kingdom the one Which shall not be destroyed. 

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    One of the greatest prophetic chapters in the Bible is Daniel 9, the prophecy of the ‘seventy weeks’ determined for Israel (9:24-27). These verses give us the chronological frame for the nation of Israel and her Messiah from the time Daniel to the establishment of Messiah’s kingdom on earth. 

    KEY PEOPLE:

    The key people are Daniel who was taken to Babylon as a youth, served in government and became God’s special mouthpiece to Gentile and Jewish nations; Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego, three more youths who were chosen for special training along with Daniel (their former and Jewish names were Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah). Other important persons are Nebuchadnezzar, King of Babylon in 605 B.C., Darius who succeeded Belshazzar as king, Cyrus, the Persian monarch, and Michael, the archangel who ministered to Daniel in chapter 10. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN DANIEL:

    One of the key portraits of Christ in Daniel is that of the coming Messiah who will be cut off (a reference to the cross) (9:25-26). However, Christ is also portrayed as the great stone who will crush the kingdoms of this world (2:34, 45), the son of man (7:13), and the Ancient of days (7:22). The vision in 10:5-9) is most likely a Christophany, an appearance of Christ (cf. Rev. 1:12- 16).

  • Bible Overview – Part 5

    Bible Overview – Part 5

    A special thanks to Bible.org for this Old Testament Survey. It can be found in its entirety here:
    https://bible.org/seriespage/introduction-old-testament-survey

    Also, content from Through the Bible Book by Book Volumes I and II by Myer Pearlman was used in this study.

    EZRA
    (Reconstruction of the Temple and Restoration of the People)

    AUTHOR:

    Though the book of Ezra does not name its author, Jewish tradition (the Talmud) ascribes it to Ezra along with Chronicles and Nehemiah.

    Tradition holds that Ezra was the founder of the Great Synagogue where the canon of Old Testament scripture was settled. Another tradition says that he collected the biblical books into a unit and that he originated the synagogue form of worship.17

    DATE:

    Ezra wrote between 457 BC and 444 BC

    Scope: 536 – 457 BC

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    In the ancient Hebrew Bible, Ezra and Nehemiah were treated as one book and called “The Book of Ezra.”

    The books of Ezra and Nehemiah are closely related because they happened during the same period.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    Ezra demonstrates how God fulfilled His promise to return His people to the land of promise after seventy years of exile as announced by the prophets. As in Chronicles, Ezra, as a priest, shows the centrality of the temple and its worship to the life of the nation as God’s people. It begins with the decree of Cyrus, king of Persia, which allowed a remnant of the people to return. The people enthusiastically began rebuilding the temple, but were delayed for 18 years by enemies from the north. Finally a decree from Darius let them finish (see Ezra 1-6). Chapters 7-10 tell about the return of the priest Ezra who taught the people the law and reformed the nation’s spiritual life.

    The theme can be summarized as the spiritual, moral, and social restoration of the Remnant who returned under the leadership of Zerubbabel and Ezra.

    KEY WORD:

    Fitting with the concepts to return to the land and the temple in Jerusalem, two key words are “Jerusalem,” which occurs 48 times, and “temple,” which occurs 25 times. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Ezra 6:21-22 NKJV Then the children of Israel who had returned from the captivity ate together with all who had separated themselves from the filth of the nations of the land in order to seek the LORD God of Israel. (22) And they kept the Feast of Unleavened Bread seven days with joy; for the LORD made them joyful, and turned the heart of the king of Assyria toward them, to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of God, the God of Israel.

    Ezra 7:10 NKJV For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the Law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach statutes and ordinances in Israel.

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    Key chapters would include (1) the decree of Cyrus allowing the remnant to return, chapter 1, (2) the foundation of the temple completed, chapter 3, (3) the completion and dedication of the temple and the keeping of the Passover, chapter 6, (4) the return under Ezra and his prayer, chapters 7-9.

    KEY PEOPLE:

    Cyrus (Persian king who decreed to allow the return), Ezra (priest and scribe), Jeshua (the high priest), and Zerubbabel. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN EZRA:

    In keeping with the Davidic covenant and God’s promises to keep the line of descendants alive for Messiah, Son of David, Ezra and Nehemiah show how God continued to keep His promises by restoring His people to their land.

    OUTLINE:

    Ezra divides into two sections: the earlier return under Zerubbabel, the restoration of the temple (1-6) and the later return under Ezra, the reformation of the people (7-10). Or it may be divided:

    1. The Restoration; The First Return to Jerusalem under Zerubbabel (1-6)
      1. The Decree of Cyrus (1:1-11)
      2. The Census of the People (2:1-70)
      3. The Construction of the Temple Begun (3:1-13)
      4. The Opposition (4:1-24)
      5. The Construction Renewed (5:1-6:12)
      6. The Temple Completed (6:13-22)
    1. The Reformation of the People; the Return Under Ezra (7:1-10:44)
      1. The Return to Jerusalem (7:1-8:36)
      2. The Revival of Jerusalem (9:1-10:44)

    NEHEMIAH (Reconstruction of the City)

    AUTHOR:

    Though some believe that Nehemiah wrote the book of Nehemiah because of the words, “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hachaliah” (1:1), many believe the evidence suggests that Ezra is the author of Nehemiah and used Nehemiah’s memoirs and firsthand accounts as though quoting Nehemiah.

    Also, in view of the similarities of Ezra 2 and Nehemiah, one wonders why the same author would repeat the same material in one volume.

    DATE:

    The historical setting is simply that of the last half of the ancient Hebrew book of Ezra-Nehemiah which means it was written about 445 B.C. to 425 B.C.

    Scope: 446-434 BC 

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Though originally one book, the last half of that book draws its name from the prominence of Nehemiah, contemporary of Ezra and cupbearer to the king of Persia. Nehemiah’s name means “Yahweh consoles or comforts.”

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The book of Nehemiah continues the history of the Jews who returned from exile. Nehemiah gave up his position as cupbearer to Artaxerxes, the Persian king, to become governor of Jerusalem and lead the people in repairing the city walls. Ezra and Nehemiah were contemporaries (see Neh. 8:2, 9), were both men of God but served Yahweh in different capacities. While Ezra was a priest and involved more with the religious restoration of returning Remnant, Nehemiah was a layman and served in a political capacity as governor in the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem.

    Nehemiah was also written to show the obvious hand of God in the establishment of His people in their homeland in the years after their exile. Under the leadership of Nehemiah, they accomplished in fifty-two days what had not been done in the ninety-four years since the first return under Zerubbabel. By obedient faith they were able to overcome what appeared to be insurmountable opposition.21

    KEY WORDS:

    With the rebuilding of the walls the key element, the key words are “wall” and “walls,” used some 33 times and “build,” “building,” “rebuilding,” etc., is found more than 20 times. 

    KEY VERSES:

    Nehemiah 4:6 NKJV So we built the wall, and the entire wall was joined together up to half its height, for the people had a mind to work.

    Nehemiah 6:15-16 NKJV So the wall was finished on the twenty-fifth day of Elul, in fifty-two days. (16) And it happened, when all our enemies heard of it, and all the nations around us saw these things, that they were very disheartened in their own eyes; for they perceived that this work was done by our God. 

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    Key chapters would include, (1) Nehemiah’s prayer and God’s answer, chapters 1-2, (2) the work on the walls, the opposition, and its completion, chapters 3-7, (3) the confession of the people and their reaffirmation of the covenant, chapter 9.

     KEY PEOPLE:

    Nehemiah, Artaxerxes, Sanballet, Ezra. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN NEHEMIAH:

    Nehemiah surely portrays Christ in willingness to leave his high position in order to bring about His work of restoration. 

    OUTLINE:

    Like Ezra, Nehemiah also falls into two specific issues: (1) the rebuilding of the walls (1-7) and the restoration of the people (8-13).

    1. The Rebuilding of the Walls (1-7)
      1. Preparation for Rebuilding (1:1-2:20)
      2. Rebuilding(3:1-7:73)
    1. The Restoration of the People (8:1-13:31)
      1. The Renewal of the Covenant (8:1-10:39)
      2. The Obedience of the People to the Covenant (11:1-13:31)

    ESTHER
    (Protection of God’s People)

    AUTHOR:

    The book gives no hint of who wrote it. But whoever it was knew the Persian culture well. The account has all the marks of a person who was there for he described the events as an eyewitness. And he was probably a Jew. Possibly Mordecai (Esther’s Cousin).

     DATE:

    The events of Esther occurred between the sixth and seventh chapters of Ezra, between the first return led by Zerubbabel and the second return led by Ezra. Esther was written sometime between 470 and 465, during the latter years of Xerxes’ reign (see 10:2-3), or in the reign of his son Artaxerxes (464-424).

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The book takes its name from the chief character, whose Hebrew name Hadassah (Myrtle) was changed to the Persian name Ester, which probably means “star.” 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The book of Esther as a peculiar distinction in that name of God is mentioned once in the book, neither are there any references to Jewish law or religion.

    Even though His name is not mentioned, we see many times where He was at work, behind the scenes, on behalf of His people. 

    KEY WORD:

    The key word is “Jews,” which is repeated some 44 times. Thus, in concept, a key term is the word “providence,” God’s providence in caring for the Jews.

    KEY VERSES: 

    Esther 4:14 NKJV For if you remain completely silent at this time, relief and deliverance will arise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. Yet who knows whether you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this?”

    Esther 8:17 NKJV And in every province and city, wherever the king’s command and decree came, the Jews had joy and gladness, a feast and a holiday. Then many of the people of the land became Jews, because fear of the Jews fell upon them.

    KEY CHAPTERS:

    The key chapters would include, (1) Haman’s persuading Ahasuerus to decree to annihilate the Jews, chapter 3, (2) the honoring of Mordicai and the hanging of Haman, chapters 6-7, (3) the reversal of the decree that led to the deliverance of the Jews, chapter 8, (4) the Jew’s defensive victory and the inauguration of the feast of Purim, chapter 9. 

    KEY PEOPLE:

    Esther, Haman, Mordecai, Xerxes (Ahasuerus, Hebrew form of the name of the king of Persia). 

    OUTLINE:

    Esther easily divides into two sections: (1) the danger or threat to the Jews (1-3) and (2) the deliverance or triumph of the Jews (4-10). Or it may be divided into three sections: (1) the danger to God’s people (1-3), (2) the decision of God’s servant (4-5), and (3) the deliverance of God’s people (6-10).

    1. The Danger to the Jews (1:1-3:15)
      1. The Choice of Esther as Queen in Place of Vashti (1:1-2:23)
      2. The Conspiracy of Haman Against the Jews (3:1-15) 
    1. The Deliverance of the Jews (4:1-10:3)
      1. The Decision of Esther for the Jews (4:1-5:14)
      2. The Defeat of Haman (6:1-7:10)
      3. The Decree of King Ahasuerus (Xerxes) and Mordecai (8:1-17)
      4. The Defeat Over the Enemies of the Jews (9:1-19)
      5. The Days of the Feast of Purim (9:20-32)
      6. The Declaration of Mordecai’s Fame and Exaltation at Court (10:1-3)

    HEBREW POETRY 

    THE NATURE OF HEBREW POETRY

    Hebrew poetry, so characteristic of the wisdom literature of the Old Testament (Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and Song of Solomon), is unlike English poetry which emphasizes rhyme and meter. Hebrew poetry relies on other characteristics for its impact. Parallelism is the chief characteristic of biblical poetry, but it has other features that distinguish it from the typical prose or narrative we find in the rest of Scripture. First, there a relatively greater conciseness or terseness of form, and second there is a greater use of certain types of rhetorical devices. These are parallelism, rhythm, a rich use of imagery, and figures of speech. 

    THE THREE KINDS OF HEBREW POETRY

    There are three kinds of Hebrew poetry:

    1. lyric poetry, which was originally accompanied by music on the lyre (the Psalms);
    2. didactic poetry, which, using maxims, was designed to communicate basic principles of life (Proverbs, Ecclesiastes);
    3. dramatic poetry, which used dialog to communicate its message (Job and the Song of Solomon).
    TWO KEY ELEMENTS OF HEBREW POETRY 

    Parallelism. In contrast to English verse which manipulates sound and emphasizes rhyme and meter, Hebrew poetry repeats and rearranges thoughts rather than sounds. Parallelism refers “to the practice of balancing one thought or phrase by a corresponding thought or phrase containing approximately the same number of words, or at least a correspondence in ideas.”27 There are several types of parallel arrangement of thoughts, with three being basic.

    Figures of Speech. Like the Hebrew language itself, Hebrew poetry uses vivid images, similes, metaphors, and other rhetorical devices to communicate thoughts and feelings.

    JOB

    AUTHOR:

    Commentators have suggested Job himself, Elihu, Moses, Solomon, and others. 

    DATE:

    It is important to distinguish between the date of writing and of the events of the book. Regarding the date, Ryrie writes;

    The date of the events in the book and the date of the writing of the book are two different matters. The events may have taken place in a patriarchal society in the second millennium B.C., around the time of Abraham. Several facts support this dating: (1) Job lived more than 140 years (42:16), a not uncommon life span during the patriarchal period; (2) the economy of Job’s day, in which wealth was measured in terms of livestock (1:3), was the type that existed in this period; (3) like Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, Job was the priest of his family (1:5); (4) the absence of any reference to the nation Israel or the Mosaic Law suggests a pre-Mosaic date (before 1500 B.C.).

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Set in the time of Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph, the Book of Job derives its name from its chief character, a man called Job. 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The main theme of the book is a revelation of the source of human suffering and what happens when people try to interpret God in the light of their circumstances instead of interpreting their circumstances in light of God and His Word. This causes suffering to be prolonged. 

    KEY VERSES: 

    James 5:11 NKJV Indeed we count them blessed who endure. You have heard of the perseverance of Job and seen the end intended by the Lord–that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful.

    Job 42:10 NKJV And the LORD restored Job’s losses when he prayed for his friends. Indeed the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.

    Job 42:12 NKJV Now the LORD blessed the latter days of Job more than his beginning; for he had fourteen thousand sheep, six thousand camels, one thousand yoke of oxen, and one thousand female donkeys.

    KEY PEOPLE:

    Job, a blameless and upright man, Satan, Job’s accusers, Eliphaz, Bildad, Zopher, and Elihu, the younger and wiser of Job’s friend who sought to give Job counsel. 

    CHRIST AS SEEN IN JOB:

    Christ is seen in several ways in Job. Job acknowledges a Redeemer (19:25-27) and prays for a Mediator (9:33; 33:23).

    PSALMS

     Psalms covers four aspects of worship and praise:

    • God speaking about man.
    • God speaking to man.
    • Man speaking to God,
    • Man speaking about God.
    Book Psalms Author General Content
    Book I Psalms 1-41 David Songs of Worship
    Book II Psalms 42-72 David and Korah Hymns of Petition
    Book III Psalms 73-89 Mainly Asaph Hymns of Petition
    Book IV Psalms 90-106 Various Anthems of Praise
    Book V Psalms 107-150 David and others Anthems of praise

    PROVERBS (Wisdom Through Precept)
    AUTHOR:

    According to 1 Kings 4:32, Solomon spoke 3,000 proverbs and 1,005 songs.

    However, the proverbs in the latter section (25:1-29:27) were selected from Solomon’s collection by King Hezekiah’s committee (25:1). Proverbs 22:17 refers to the “sayings of the wise,” and 24:23 mentions additional “sayings of the wise.” Proverbs 22:17-21serves as an introduction which suggests that these sections stem from a circle of wise men, not from Solomon himself.

    Chapter 30 is specifically attributed to Agur, son of Jakeh, and 31:1-9 to King Lemuel. Lemuel’s sayings contain several Aramaic spellings that point to a non-Israelite background.

    DATE:

    950-700 B.C.

    As a book of wisdom, Proverbs is not an historical book but rather the product of the school of wisdom in Israel. Solomon’s proverbs were written before his death in 931 B.C., and those collected by Hezekiah’s scribes probably around 700 B.C. 

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Proverbs obviously gets it name from its contents—short sayings or maxims that convey truth in a pointed and pithy way.

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    As suggested by the title and the meaning of the term proverb, the theme and purpose of the book is wisdom for living through special instruction on every conceivable issue of life: folly, sin, goodness, wealth, poverty, the tongue, pride, humility, justice, family (parents, children, discipline), vengeance, strife, gluttony, love, laziness, friends, life, and death. No book is more practical in terms of wisdom for daily living than Proverbs. 

    KEY WORDS:

    The key word is “wisdom,” “wise,” etc., occurring some 110 times. Also important and related to wisdom are the terms, “instruction” and “taught, teach,” together occurring some 23 times.

    KEY VERSES: 

    Proverbs 1:1-7 NKJV The proverbs of Solomon the son of David, king of Israel: (2) To know wisdom and instruction, To perceive the words of understanding, (3) To receive the instruction of wisdom, Justice, judgment, and equity; (4) To give prudence to the simple, To the young man knowledge and discretion– (5) A wise man will hear and increase learning, And a man of understanding will attain wise counsel, (6) To understand a proverb and an enigma, The words of the wise and their riddles. (7) The fear of the LORD is the beginning of knowledge, But fools despise wisdom and instruction. 

    ECCLESIASTES

    AUTHOR:

    There are two lines of evidence (external and internal) that point to Solomon as the author of Ecclesiastes. For the external evidence, the Jewish tradition attributes the book to Solomon. Internally, a number of lines of evidence show that Solomon was surely the author. First, the author identifies himself as “the son of David, king in Jerusalem” (1:1). Then, references in the book to the author’s unrivaled wisdom (1:16), extreme wealth (2:7), opportunities for pleasure (2:3), and extensive building activities (2:4-6) all suggest Solomon as the author. There is simply no other descendant of David who measured up to these descriptions.

    DATE:

    931 BC

    According to Jewish tradition, Solomon wrote the Song in his early years, expressing a young man’s love. He wrote the Proverbs in his mature years, manifesting a middle-aged man’s wisdom. He reportedly wrote Ecclesiastes in his declining years, revealing an old man’s sorrow (cf. 12:1).

    Perhaps Ecclesiastes is the record of Solomon’s regret for and repentance from his grave moral lapses recorded in 1 Kings 11. The Book of Ecclesiastes, then, would have been written just before Solomon’s death and subsequent division of his kingdom that occurred in 931 B.C.41

     TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    The name Ecclesiastes stems from the title given in the Greek translation, the Septuagint. Greek term, ecclesiastes, means “assembly” and is derived from the word ekklesia, “assembly, church.” “The Hebrew title is Qoheleth, which means “one who convenes and speaks at an assembly,” or “an ecclesiastic” or “preacher.”

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The basic theme is the futility of life apart from God. In the development of this theme, four key purposes emerge.42

    First, in seeking to demonstrate that life without God has no meaning, Solomon is seeking to demolish confidence in man-based achievements and wisdom; he shows that all of man’s goals or the “way that seems right to man” must of necessity lead to dissatisfaction and emptiness.” Solomon recorded the futility and emptiness of his own experiences to make his readers desperate for God. He sought to show that their quest for happiness cannot be fulfilled by man himself in the pursuits of this life.

    Second, Solomon affirms the fact that much in life cannot be fully understood, which means we must live by faith, not by sight. Life is full of unexplained enigmas, unresolved anomalies, and uncorrected injustices. There is much in life that man cannot comprehend nor control, but by faith, we can rest in the sovereign wisdom and work of God. Much like the Book of Job, Ecclesiastes not only affirms that man is finite, but that he must learn to live with mystery. Life down here on earth, “life under the sun,” cannot provide the key to life itself for our world fallen, bankrupt. In view of this, man must have more than a horizontal outlook; he must have the upward look to God, fearing and trusting Him. Enigmas and injustices must be left in His hands to resolve.

    Third, Ecclesiastes presents a realistic view of life that counterbalances the optimism of Proverbs. It shows there are exceptions to the laws and promises of proverbs, at least from the standpoint of this life. Proverbs 10:16 affirms that justice is meted to the righteous and the wicked, but Ecclesiastes 8:14 observes that this is not always the case, at least not in this life. Are these contradictions? No, because Proverbs is noting the general laws of God without noting the exceptions that occur because we live in a fallen, sin-ridden world. Ecclesiastes points out that while a righteous order exists, as affirmed in Proverbs, it is not always evident to man as he views life “under the sun” from his finite perspective.

    Fourth, Solomon showed that man, left to his own strategies will always find life empty, frustrating, and mysterious. The book, however, does not mean that life has no answers, that life is totally useless or meaningless. Meaning and significance can be found, he explained, in fearing God. Frustrations can thus be replaced with contentment through fellowship with God.

    KEY WORD:

    Vanity 

    KEY VERSES: 

    Ecclesiastes 1:2 NKJV “Vanity of vanities,” says the Preacher; “Vanity of vanities, all is vanity.”

    SONG OF SOLOMON (A Royal Wedding)

    AUTHOR:

    Though some critics reject King Solomon as the author and take 1:1 to mean, “which is about Solomon,” the internal evidence supports the traditional belief that Solomon is its author. The contents of the book agree with all that we know about the abilities and wisdom of Solomon, and there is no compelling reason not to regard him as the author.45 Solomon is mentioned seven times (1:1, 5; 3:7, 9, 11; 8:11-12), and he is identified as the groom. Verse 1 asserts that Solomon wrote this song as one of many (in fact the best of the many) songs which he wrote (1 Kings 4:32 tells us he composed 1,005 such songs). Note that the text does not simply say, “The Song of Solomon” but “The Song of Songs, which are Solomon’s.” 

    DATE:

    About 965 B.C.

    The Song was probably written early in Solomon’s career, about 965. At this point, Solomon had sixty queens and eighty concubines (6:8), but later in his life, he would have seven hundred queens and three thousand concubines (1 Kings 11:3). 

    TITLE OF THE BOOK:

    Regarding the title of this book Ryrie writes:

    This book has been titled several ways: the Hebrew title from verse 1, The Song of Songs, which means “the most superlative, or best, of songs”; the English title, also from verse 1, The Song of Solomon, which designates the author; and the Canticles, meaning simply “songs,” derived from the Latin.46 

    THEME AND PURPOSE:

    The Song of Solomon is a love song filled with metaphors and imagery designed to portray God’s view of love and marriage: the beauty of physical love between man and woman and the sanctity of marriage.

    Eastern culture is given to a plainness of speech in the most intimate matters, 

    KEY WORD:

    Love

    KEY VERSES:

    Song of Solomon 7:10 NKJV (10) I am my beloved’s, And his desire is toward me.